Android Studio 入门教程：底部导航按钮+Fragment切换

主要效果：

 主要文件：（最主要的也就activity_mail.xml和MainActivity两个）

 其中，activity_mail.xml的代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/fragment"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:name="com.example.daohang.F_ym1"
        />
    <TableLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"


        />
    <!--增加一个线性横向布局，在页面底部放置功能菜单（共5个按钮）-->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        >
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageview1"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:src="@mipmap/tb1"/>
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageview2"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:src="@mipmap/tb2"/>
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageview3"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:src="@mipmap/tb3"/>
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageview4"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:src="@mipmap/tb4"/>
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageview5"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:src="@mipmap/tb5"/>
    </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity的代码：

package com.example.daohang;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override/**/
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        /*生成变量绑定控件*/
        ImageView iv1=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview1);
        ImageView iv2=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview2);
        ImageView iv3=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview3);
        ImageView iv4=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview4);
        ImageView iv5=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview5);
        /*为变量绑定事件*/
        iv1.setOnClickListener(l);
        iv2.setOnClickListener(l);
        iv3.setOnClickListener(l);
        iv4.setOnClickListener(l);
        iv5.setOnClickListener(l);
    }
    /*重写OnClickListener*/
    View.OnClickListener l=new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        /*
        * 通过getSupportFragmentManager方法，生成Fragment管理器fm,
        * 通过fm的beginTransaction方法，生成Fragment的操作员ft
        * 生成Fragment对象f
        * 通过判断点击的是哪个imageview,将对应的页面赋值给f
        * ft将F插入到主页面的fragment中
        * */
        public void onClick(View v) {
            FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
            FragmentTransaction ft=fm.beginTransaction();
            Fragment f=null;
            switch (v.getId()){
                case R.id.imageview1:
                    f=new F_ym1();
                    break;
                case R.id.imageview2:
                    f=new F_ym2();
                    break;
                case R.id.imageview3:
                    f=new F_ym3();
                    break;
                case R.id.imageview4:
                    f=new F_ym4();
                    break;
                case R.id.imageview5:
                    f=new F_ym5();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment,f);/*ft将F插入到主页面的fragment中*/
            ft.commit();/*执行语句*/
        }
    };
}

其他参考代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text="这是页面1"
        android:gravity="center"
        />

</RelativeLayout>

package com.example.daohang;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
/*新建F_ym1类继承Fragment*/
public class F_ym1 extends Fragment {


    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.f_ym1,null);
        return view;
    }
}