声明bean的注解
@Component :组件,没有明确的角色
@Service:业务层组件
@Repository:数据层组件
@Controller:控制器组件
这四个组件都可以标注普通的java类为Spring容器中的bean,这些bean都是被当成Java EE组件来使用,就能更好的被工具处理,与切面进行关联。
注解默认的bean的id是:类名首字母小写
注入bean的注解
@Autowired:自动装配
@Resource:按名称装配,如果找不到与名称相匹配的的bean,则按类型匹配
@Value:给基本属性赋值
@Qualifier:根据指定的名称匹配,属性名有没有对应的beanID
java配置类相关注解
@Configuration:声明当前类为配置类,相当于xml形式的Spring配置
@ComponentScan:配置要扫描的包,可以实现零配置
例(模拟分层):
xml文件中零配置,实现真正的解耦:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
</beans>
public class User {
}
public interface UserDao {
public User findUser(User user) ;
}
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
public User findUser(User user) {
System.out.println("Dao");
return null;
}
}
public interface UserService {
public boolean validateLogin(User user);
}
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
UserDao userDao;
public boolean validateLogin(User user) {
System.out.println("service");
User userDB = userDao.findUser(user);
if(userDB==null) {
return false;
}else {
return true;
}
}
}
@Controller
public class UserServlet {
@Autowired
UserService userService;
public void service() {
User user = null;
boolean flag = userService.validateLogin(user);
System.out.println(flag);
}
}
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages="com.login")
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Test.class);
UserServlet userServlet = (UserServlet) ac.getBean("userServlet");
userServlet.service();
}
}
运行结果:
service
Dao
false