java swing相关笔记

参考文档：
java documentation

JLablel

使用JLAbel类可以显示无法被选择的文本or image。
如果希望组件是交互式且需要具有某种状态，建议使用button

ImageIcon icon = createImageIcon("images/middle.gif");
. . .
label1 = new JLabel("Image and Text",
                    icon,
                    JLabel.CENTER);
//Set the position of the text, relative to the icon:
label1.setVerticalTextPosition(JLabel.BOTTOM);
label1.setHorizontalTextPosition(JLabel.CENTER);

label2 = new JLabel("Text-Only Label");
label3 = new JLabel(icon);

Buttons 、Check Boxes 、 Radio Buttons

类	说明
JButton	一般按钮
JCheckBox	复选框
JRadioButton	单选框
JMenuItem	菜单中的类
JRadioButtonMenuItem	有JRadioButton 的菜单类
JCheckBoxMenuItem	有JCheckBox 的菜单类
JToggleButton	JCheckBox, JRadioButton的父类 ，可以实例化或子类化以创建两个状态按钮。

Buttons触发的写法

ActionListener 接口

public interface ActionListener extends EventListener {
    /**
     * Invoked when an action occurs.
     * @param e the event to be processed
     */
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e);

}

Buttons触发的写法①

{//初始化代码
button1 = new JButton();
button2 = new JButton();
button1.setActionCommand("命令1");
button1.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_D);//触发按钮
button2.setActionCommand("命令2");
button2.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_M);

button1.addActionListener(this);
button2.addActionListener(this);
}

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    if ("命令1".equals(e.getActionCommand())) {
       // do something
    } else if("命令2".equals(e.getActionCommand()){
       //do something
    }else{//do something
    }
} 

特点：

• 可以使用同一个实现了ActionListener 接口的类
• 在类中通过不同的ActionCommand区别触发命令

Buttons触发的写法②

{//初始化代码
button1 = new JButton();
button1.addActionListener(e -> button1Action(e));
}

private void button1Action(ActionEvent e) {
		// do something
}

特点：

• 触发方法写在类的内部
• 无需在类中通过不同的ActionCommand区别触发命令

方法②实现条理更清晰

Check Boxes 复选框

{
	chinButton = new JCheckBox("Chin");
    chinButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C); 
    chinButton.setSelected(true);

    glassesButton = new JCheckBox("Glasses");
    glassesButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_G); 
    glassesButton.setSelected(true);

    hairButton = new JCheckBox("Hair");
    hairButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_H); 
    hairButton.setSelected(true);
    
    chinButton.addItemListener(this);
    glassesButton.addItemListener(this);
    hairButton.addItemListener(this);
	...
}    
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
	//do something
}
...

Radio Buttons 单选框

	JRadioButton birdButton = new JRadioButton(birdString);
    birdButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_B);
    birdButton.setActionCommand(birdString);
    birdButton.setSelected(true);

    JRadioButton catButton = new JRadioButton(catString);
    catButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C);
    catButton.setActionCommand(catString);

    JRadioButton dogButton = new JRadioButton(dogString);
    dogButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_D);
    dogButton.setActionCommand(dogString);

    JRadioButton rabbitButton = new JRadioButton(rabbitString);
    rabbitButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_R);
    rabbitButton.setActionCommand(rabbitString);

    JRadioButton pigButton = new JRadioButton(pigString);
    pigButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_P);
    pigButton.setActionCommand(pigString);

    //Group the radio buttons.
    ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
    group.add(birdButton);
    group.add(catButton);
    group.add(dogButton);
    group.add(rabbitButton);
    group.add(pigButton);

    //Register a listener for the radio buttons.
    birdButton.addActionListener(this);
    catButton.addActionListener(this);
    dogButton.addActionListener(this);
    rabbitButton.addActionListener(this);
    pigButton.addActionListener(this);
...
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
   //do something
}