java8中的Collectors.groupingBy用法

Collectors.groupingBy根据一个或多个属性对集合中的项目进行分组。

数据准备：

public Product(Long id, Integer num, BigDecimal price, String name, String category) {
	this.id = id;
	this.num = num;
	this.price = price;
	this.name = name;
	this.category = category;
}

Product prod1 = new Product(1L, 1, new BigDecimal("15.5"), "面包", "零食");
Product prod2 = new Product(2L, 2, new BigDecimal("20"), "饼干", "零食");
Product prod3 = new Product(3L, 3, new BigDecimal("30"), "月饼", "零食");
Product prod4 = new Product(4L, 3, new BigDecimal("10"), "青岛啤酒", "啤酒");
Product prod5 = new Product(5L, 10, new BigDecimal("15"), "百威啤酒", "啤酒");
List<Product> prodList = Lists.newArrayList(prod1, prod2, prod3, prod4, prod5);

分组

1.按照类目分组

Map<String, List<Product>> prodMap= prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Product::getCategory));

结果

{
    "啤酒":[
        {
            "category":"啤酒",
            "id":4,
            "name":"青岛啤酒",
            "num":3,
            "price":10
        },
        {
            "category":"啤酒",
            "id":5,
            "name":"百威啤酒",
            "num":10,
            "price":15
        }
    ],
    "零食":[
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":1,
            "name":"面包",
            "num":1,
            "price":15.5
        },
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":2,
            "name":"饼干",
            "num":2,
            "price":20
        },
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":3,
            "name":"月饼",
            "num":3,
            "price":30
        }
    ]
}

2.按照几个属性拼接分组

Map<String, List<Product>> prodMap = prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(item -> item.getCategory() + "_" + item.getName()));

结果

{
    "零食_月饼":[
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":3,
            "name":"月饼",
            "num":3,
            "price":30
        }
    ],
    "零食_面包":[
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":1,
            "name":"面包",
            "num":1,
            "price":15.5
        }
    ],
    "啤酒_百威啤酒":[
        {
            "category":"啤酒",
            "id":5,
            "name":"百威啤酒",
            "num":10,
            "price":15
        }
    ],
    "啤酒_青岛啤酒":[
        {
            "category":"啤酒",
            "id":4,
            "name":"青岛啤酒",
            "num":3,
            "price":10
        }
    ],
    "零食_饼干":[
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":2,
            "name":"饼干",
            "num":2,
            "price":20
        }
    ]
}

3.根据不同条件分组

Map<String, List<Product>> prodMap= prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(item -> {
	if(item.getNum() < 3) {
		return "3";
	}else {
		return "other";
	}
}));

结果

{
    "other":[
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":3,
            "name":"月饼",
            "num":3,
            "price":30
        },
        {
            "category":"啤酒",
            "id":4,
            "name":"青岛啤酒",
            "num":3,
            "price":10
        },
        {
            "category":"啤酒",
            "id":5,
            "name":"百威啤酒",
            "num":10,
            "price":15
        }
    ],
    "3":[
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":1,
            "name":"面包",
            "num":1,
            "price":15.5
        },
        {
            "category":"零食",
            "id":2,
            "name":"饼干",
            "num":2,
            "price":20
        }
    ]
}

多级分组

要实现多级分组，我们可以使用一个由双参数版本的Collectors.groupingBy工厂方法创 建的收集器，它除了普通的分类函数之外，还可以接受collector类型的第二个参数。那么要进 行二级分组的话，我们可以把一个内层groupingBy传递给外层groupingBy，并定义一个为流 中项目分类的二级标准。

Map<String, Map<String, List<Product>>> prodMap= prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Product::getCategory, Collectors.groupingBy(item -> {
	if(item.getNum() < 3) {
		return "3";
	}else {
		return "other";
	}
})));

结果

{
    "啤酒":{
        "other":[
            {
                "category":"啤酒",
                "id":4,
                "name":"青岛啤酒",
                "num":3,
                "price":10
            },
            {
                "category":"啤酒",
                "id":5,
                "name":"百威啤酒",
                "num":10,
                "price":15
            }
        ]
    },
    "零食":{
        "other":[
            {
                "category":"零食",
                "id":3,
                "name":"月饼",
                "num":3,
                "price":30
            }
        ],
        "3":[
            {
                "category":"零食",
                "id":1,
                "name":"面包",
                "num":1,
                "price":15.5
            },
            {
                "category":"零食",
                "id":2,
                "name":"饼干",
                "num":2,
                "price":20
            }
        ]
    }
}

按子组收集数据

1.求总数

Map<String, Long> prodMap = prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Product::getCategory, Collectors.counting()));

{
    "啤酒":2,
    "零食":3
}

2.求和

Map<String, Integer> prodMap = prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Product::getCategory, Collectors.summingInt(Product::getNum)));

结果：

{
    "啤酒":13,
    "零食":6
}

3.把收集器的结果转换为另一种类型

Map<String, Product> prodMap = prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Product::getCategory, Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparingInt(Product::getNum)), Optional::get)));

结果：

{
    "啤酒":{
        "category":"啤酒",
        "id":5,
        "name":"百威啤酒",
        "num":10,
        "price":15
    },
    "零食":{
        "category":"零食",
        "id":3,
        "name":"月饼",
        "num":3,
        "price":30
    }
}

4.联合其他收集器

Map<String, Set<String>> prodMap = prodList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Product::getCategory, Collectors.mapping(Product::getName, Collectors.toSet())));

结果：

{
    "啤酒":[
        "青岛啤酒",
        "百威啤酒"
    ],
    "零食":[
        "面包",
        "饼干",
        "月饼"
    ]
}