ContentProvider+LoaderManager+listView数据刷新

1.ContentProvider（android四大组件之一）
简单的说，它起到能让android设备上其他应用访问本应用的数据库（如某些应用可以读取手机上的联系人列表，媒体文件等等）
2.LoaderManager
用于管理一个或多个装载器，及时监数据的改变并及时修正客户端数据

下面有代码说明：
两个应用

MyContentProvider.java（GamePlayer应用提供访问接口）

package com.provider;

import com.db.DatabaseHelper;
import com.db.GameMetaData;
import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.util.Log;

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    private DatabaseHelper helper = null;
    private static String AUTHORITY = "com.provider.mycontentprovider";
    private static UriMatcher matcher = null;
    private static int SINGLE_CODE = 1;
    private static int MULTI_CODE = 2;

    static{
        matcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        //添加匹配器          #:整数参数        不写: 无参
        matcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "game_player/#", SINGLE_CODE);
        matcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "game_player", MULTI_CODE);
    };

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        helper = new DatabaseHelper(getContext());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
            String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        int key = matcher.match(uri);
        Log.e("key=", key+"");
        switch (key) {
        case 1:
            long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
            SQLiteDatabase database = helper.getReadableDatabase();
            Cursor cursor = database.query(GameMetaData.GamePlayer.GAMEPLAYER_TB, new String[]{GameMetaData.GamePlayer._ID,GameMetaData.GamePlayer.PLAYER,GameMetaData.GamePlayer.SCORE,GameMetaData.GamePlayer.LEVEL}, "_id=?", new String[]{id+""}, null, null, null);
            return cursor;

        case 2:
            database = helper.getReadableDatabase();
            return database.query(GameMetaData.GamePlayer.GAMEPLAYER_TB, new String[]{GameMetaData.GamePlayer._ID,GameMetaData.GamePlayer.PLAYER,GameMetaData.GamePlayer.SCORE,GameMetaData.GamePlayer.LEVEL}, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, null);

        default:
            break;
        }
        SQLiteDatabase database = helper.getReadableDatabase();
        database.query(GameMetaData.GamePlayer.GAMEPLAYER_TB, null, null, null, null, null, null);
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        SQLiteDatabase database = helper.getWritableDatabase();
        long id = database.insert(GameMetaData.GamePlayer.GAMEPLAYER_TB, null, values);

        return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, id);
    }

    /**
     * 返回受影响的行数
     */
    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        SQLiteDatabase database = helper.getWritableDatabase();

        return database.delete(GameMetaData.GamePlayer.GAMEPLAYER_TB, selection, selectionArgs);
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
            String[] selectionArgs) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        SQLiteDatabase database = helper.getWritableDatabase();

        return database.update(GameMetaData.GamePlayer.GAMEPLAYER_TB, values, selection, selectionArgs);
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml中注册：

<provider android:name="com.provider.MyContentProvider"
            android:authorities="com.provider.mycontentprovider"
            android:exported="true"></provider>

ProviderActivity1.java（应用Lesson，利用CursorLoader访问应用GamePlayer的数据库）

/**
 * 异步加载Cursor数据,适用于数据库
 * CursorLoader
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class ProviderActivity1 extends Activity implements OnClickListener,LoaderCallbacks<Cursor>{

    private SimpleCursorAdapter adapter = null;
    private CursorLoader loader = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.e("action=", "onCreate");
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_provider);

        Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_add);
        bt.setOnClickListener(this);

        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.my_ListView);
        //注意最后一个参数，标志为内容观察者，只有标志这个才能让loader随时加载数据
        adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.activity_provider_list_item, initData(), new String[]{"_id","player","score","level"}, new int[]{R.id.result1,R.id.result2,R.id.result3,R.id.result4},SimpleCursorAdapter.FLAG_REGISTER_CONTENT_OBSERVER);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);

        /**
         * 初始化loader装载器
         * 参数一：唯一标识装载器
         * 参数二：可选的装载器初始化参数
         * 参数三：装载器的回调接口
         */
        getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);
    }

    public Cursor initData(){
        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.provider.mycontentprovider/game_player");
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        return cursor;
    }

    @Override
    public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int arg0, Bundle arg1) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.provider.mycontentprovider/game_player");
        loader = new CursorLoader(getApplicationContext(), uri, new String[]{"_id","player","score","level"}, null, null, null);
        return loader;//返回加载器对象，接着调用onLoadFinished
    }

    /**
     * 将加载出来的数据加入适配器中
     */
    @Override
    public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor data) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        adapter.swapCursor(data);
    }

    /**
     * 加载器重新加载完数据返回客户端时，需要清空listView里的数据
     */
    @Override
    public void onLoaderReset(Loader<Cursor> loader) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        adapter.swapCursor(null);
    }

    int index = 0;
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        switch (v.getId()) {
        case R.id.bt_add:
            Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.provider.mycontentprovider");
            ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
            values.put("player", "new" + index++);
            values.put("score", 232+"");
            values.put("level", 4+"");
            resolver.insert(uri, values);
            //通知加载器去加载数据
            //或getLoaderManager().restartLoader(0, null, this);//重新开启加载器（不建议使用）
            loader.onContentChanged();

            break;

        default:
            break;
        }
    }
}

ProviderActivity.java（应用Lesson，利用MyAsyncTaskLoader访问应用GamePlayer的数据库）

/**
 * 异步线程加载ListView数据
 * MyAsyncTaskLoader
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class ProviderActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener,LoaderCallbacks<List<Player>>{

    private MyAdapter adapter = null;
    private MyAsyncTaskLoader loader = null;
    private DBAdapter db_adapter = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Log.e("action=", "onCreate");
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_provider);
        Button bt_findById = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_findById);
        Button bt_findAll = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_findAll);
        Button bt_update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_update);
        Button bt_del = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_del);
        Button bt_add = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_add);

        bt_findById.setOnClickListener(this);
        bt_findAll.setOnClickListener(this);
        bt_update.setOnClickListener(this);
        bt_del.setOnClickListener(this);
        bt_add.setOnClickListener(this);

        db_adapter = new DBAdapter();
        List<Player> players = db_adapter.initData();
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.my_ListView);
        adapter = new MyAdapter();
        adapter.setPlayer(players);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);

//      adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        //初始化加载器
        getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);
    }


    private int index = 0;


    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        switch (v.getId()) {
        case R.id.bt_findById:
            ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
            ///GamePlayer/src/com/provider/MyContentProvider.java
            List<Player> list = db_adapter.initData();
            int id = list.get(0).getId();
            String url = "content://com.provider.mycontentprovider/game_player/"+id;
            Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
            Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
            cursor.moveToNext();
            Player player = new Player();
            player.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id")));
            player.setPlayer(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("player")));
            player.setScore(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("score")));
            player.setLevel(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("level")));
            TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
            textView.setText(player.toString());
            break;

        case R.id.bt_findAll:
            resolver = getContentResolver();
            ///GamePlayer/src/com/provider/MyContentProvider.java
            url = "content://com.provider.mycontentprovider/game_player";
            uri = Uri.parse(url);
            //Log.e("uri=", uri+"");
            cursor = resolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
            player = new Player();
            String players = null;
            List<Player> list_player = new ArrayList<Player>();
            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                player.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id")));
                player.setPlayer(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("player")));
                player.setScore(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("score")));
                player.setLevel(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("level")));
                players = players + " -###- " + player.toString();
                list_player.add(player);
            }
            textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
            textView.setText(players);
            break;
        case R.id.bt_update:
            resolver = getContentResolver();
            ///GamePlayer/src/com/provider/MyContentProvider.java
            url = "content://com.provider.mycontentprovider";
            uri = Uri.parse(url);
            list = db_adapter.initData();
            id = list.get(0).getId();
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
//          values.put("_id", id+"");
            values.put("player", "我是1号");
            values.put("score", 111+"");
            values.put("level", 11+"");
            int rows = resolver.update(uri, values, "_id=?", new String[]{id+""});
            textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
            textView.setText("执行更新操作！受影响"+rows+"行");

            loader.onContentChanged();
            //或loader.commitContentChanged()(18支持)
            //或getLoaderManager().restartLoader(0, null, this);

            break;
        case R.id.bt_del:
            resolver = getContentResolver();
            ///GamePlayer/src/com/provider/MyContentProvider.java
            url = "content://com.provider.mycontentprovider";
            uri = Uri.parse(url);
            list = new ArrayList<Player>();
            list = db_adapter.initData();
            id = list.get(0).getId();
            //删除第一条数据
            rows = resolver.delete(uri, "_id=?", new String[]{id+""});
            textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
            textView.setText("执行删除操作！受影响"+rows+"行");

            loader.onContentChanged();
            break;
        case R.id.bt_add:
            resolver = getContentResolver();
            ///GamePlayer/src/com/provider/MyContentProvider.java
            url = "content://com.provider.mycontentprovider";
            uri = Uri.parse(url);
            values = new ContentValues();
//          values.put("_id", 1+"");
            values.put("player", "新人甲" + index++);
            values.put("score", 555+"");
            values.put("level", 34+"");
            resolver.insert(uri, values);
            textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
            textView.setText("执行添加操作！");

            loader.onContentChanged();
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{

        List<Player> data = new ArrayList<Player>();

//      public MyAdapter(){
//          
//      }

        public void setPlayer(List<Player> data){
            Log.e("action=", "setPlayer");
            this.data = data;
            Log.e("this.data=", this.data.size()+"-------");
        }

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Log.e("action=", "getCount");
            Log.e("data.size()=", data.size()+"");
            return data.size();
        }

        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Log.e("action=", "getItem");
            return data.get(position);
        }

        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return position;
        }

        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Log.e("action=", "getView");
            ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
            if(convertView == null){
                convertView = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.activity_provider_list_item, null);
                viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
                viewHolder.text1 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.result1);
                viewHolder.text2 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.result2);
                viewHolder.text3 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.result3);
                viewHolder.text4 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.result4);
                convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
            }else{
                viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
            }

            Log.e("data.get(0).getPlayer()=", data.get(position).getPlayer());
            viewHolder.text1.setText(data.get(position).getId()+"--");
            viewHolder.text2.setText(data.get(position).getPlayer()+"--");
            viewHolder.text3.setText(data.get(position).getScore()+"--");
            viewHolder.text4.setText(data.get(position).getLevel()+"--");
            return convertView;
        }

    }


    private static class ViewHolder{
        TextView text1;
        TextView text2;
        TextView text3;
        TextView text4;
    }

    /*********************实现LoaderCallbacks需要的方法**********************/
    /**
     * 
     */
    @Override
    public Loader<List<Player>> onCreateLoader(int arg0, Bundle arg1) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.e("action=", "onCreateLoader");
        loader = new MyAsyncTaskLoader(getApplicationContext(), db_adapter);
        return loader;
    }

    @Override
    public void onLoadFinished(Loader<List<Player>> loader, List<Player> data) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.e("action=", "onLoadFinished");
        adapter.setPlayer(data);
        adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLoaderReset(Loader<List<Player>> arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.e("action=", "onLoaderReset");
        adapter.setPlayer(null);
    }

    /**
     * 异步加载器的类
     */
    private static class MyAsyncTaskLoader extends AsyncTaskLoader<List<Player>>{
        DBAdapter adapter = null;
        List<Player> data = new ArrayList<Player>();

        public MyAsyncTaskLoader(Context context, DBAdapter adapter) {
            super(context);
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
            this.adapter = adapter;

            Log.e("action=", "MyAsyncTaskLoader");
        }

        /**
         * 开启一个线程去加载数据
         */
        @Override
        public List<Player> loadInBackground() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Log.e("action=", "loadInBackground");
            data = adapter.initData();
            return data;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onStartLoading() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onStartLoading();
            Log.e("action=", "onStartLoading");
            Log.e("data=", ""+data.size());
            if(data != null && data.size() > 0){
                deliverResult(data);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void deliverResult(List<Player> data) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Log.e("action=", "deliverResult");
            super.deliverResult(data);
        }

    }

    private class DBAdapter{
        public List<Player> initData(){
            Log.e("action=", "initData");
            ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
            ///GamePlayer/src/com/provider/MyContentProvider.java
            String url = "content://com.provider.mycontentprovider/game_player";
            Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
            Log.e("uri=", uri+"");
            Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);

            List<Player> list_player = new ArrayList<Player>();
            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                Player player = new Player();
                player.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id")));
                player.setPlayer(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("player")));
                player.setScore(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("score")));
                player.setLevel(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("level")));
                list_player.add(player);
                Log.e("p.getPlayer()==", player.getPlayer()+"");
                Log.e("p.getId()==", player.getId()+"");
            }
            for (Player p : list_player) {
                Log.e("p.getId()", p.getId()+"");
            }
            return list_player;
        }
    }
}