dir()函数

dir()函数

  Python中有非常多的模块，但是有的时候我们会忘记一个模块有哪些功能。这个时候，我们可以用dir()函数来查看一下指定模块的功能列表。

import sys
#查看模块功能列表
print dir(sys)
#文档说明
print sys.__doc__
print sys.platform

输出:

C:\Python27\python.exe C:/Users/cpxiaozu-2/PycharmProjects/firstProject/ChapterTwo/list.py
['__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__excepthook__', '__name__', '__package__', '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_getframe', '_git', 'api_version', 'argv', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing', 'callstats', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dllhandle', 'dont_write_bytecode', 'exc_clear', 'exc_info', 'exc_type', 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info', 'float_repr_style', 'getcheckinterval', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile', 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'gettrace', 'getwindowsversion', 'hexversion', 'long_info', 'maxint', 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks', 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'prefix', 'py3kwarning', 'setcheckinterval', 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'settrace', 'stderr', 'stdin', 'stdout', 'subversion', 'version', 'version_info', 'warnoptions', 'winver']
This module provides access to some objects used or maintained by the
interpreter and to functions that interact strongly with the interpreter.

Dynamic objects:

argv -- command line arguments; argv[0] is the script pathname if known
path -- module search path; path[0] is the script directory, else ''
modules -- dictionary of loaded modules

displayhook -- called to show results in an interactive session
excepthook -- called to handle any uncaught exception other than SystemExit
To customize printing in an interactive session or to install a custom
top-level exception handler, assign other functions to replace these.

exitfunc -- if sys.exitfunc exists, this routine is called when Python exits
Assigning to sys.exitfunc is deprecated; use the atexit module instead.

stdin -- standard input file object; used by raw_input() and input()
stdout -- standard output file object; used by the print statement
stderr -- standard error object; used for error messages
By assigning other file objects (or objects that behave like files)
to these, it is possible to redirect all of the interpreter's I/O.

last_type -- type of last uncaught exception
last_value -- value of last uncaught exception
last_traceback -- traceback of last uncaught exception
These three are only available in an interactive session after a
traceback has been printed.

exc_type -- type of exception currently being handled
exc_value -- value of exception currently being handled
exc_traceback -- traceback of exception currently being handled
The function exc_info() should be used instead of these three,
because it is thread-safe.

Static objects:

float_info -- a dict with information about the float inplementation.
long_info -- a struct sequence with information about the long implementation.
maxint -- the largest supported integer (the smallest is -maxint-1)
maxsize -- the largest supported length of containers.
maxunicode -- the largest supported character
builtin_module_names -- tuple of module names built into this interpreter
version -- the version of this interpreter as a string
version_info -- version information as a named tuple
hexversion -- version information encoded as a single integer
copyright -- copyright notice pertaining to this interpreter
platform -- platform identifier
executable -- absolute path of the executable binary of the Python interpreter
prefix -- prefix used to find the Python library
exec_prefix -- prefix used to find the machine-specific Python library
float_repr_style -- string indicating the style of repr() output for floats
dllhandle -- [Windows only] integer handle of the Python DLL
winver -- [Windows only] version number of the Python DLL
__stdin__ -- the original stdin; don't touch!
__stdout__ -- the original stdout; don't touch!
__stderr__ -- the original stderr; don't touch!
__displayhook__ -- the original displayhook; don't touch!
__excepthook__ -- the original excepthook; don't touch!

Functions:

displayhook() -- print an object to the screen, and save it in __builtin__._
excepthook() -- print an exception and its traceback to sys.stderr
exc_info() -- return thread-safe information about the current exception
exc_clear() -- clear the exception state for the current thread
exit() -- exit the interpreter by raising SystemExit
getdlopenflags() -- returns flags to be used for dlopen() calls
getprofile() -- get the global profiling function
getrefcount() -- return the reference count for an object (plus one :-)
getrecursionlimit() -- return the max recursion depth for the interpreter
getsizeof() -- return the size of an object in bytes
gettrace() -- get the global debug tracing function
setcheckinterval() -- control how often the interpreter checks for events
setdlopenflags() -- set the flags to be used for dlopen() calls
setprofile() -- set the global profiling function
setrecursionlimit() -- set the max recursion depth for the interpreter
settrace() -- set the global debug tracing function

win32

Process finished with exit code 0