【Day2-Spring Cloud】之Eureka--服务发现与消费

一、继【Day2-Spring Cloud】之Eureka--高可用注册中心 ，服务的发现由Eureka的客户端完成，而服务消费的任务由Ribbon完成。Ribbon是一个基于HTTP和TCP的客户端负载均衡器。

1.同【Day2-Spring Cloud】之Eureka--高可用注册中心 一样启动注册中心。

2.启动eureka-client-1服务，为了实现Ribbon的负载均衡，我们如同【Day2-Spring Cloud】之Eureka--高可用注册中心 一样通过java -jar 来启动两个不同端口的eureka-client-1服务实现服务发现

java -jar eureka-client-1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --server.port=8081
java -jar eureka-client-1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --server.port=8082

3.到注册中心查看是否注册成功

二、创建服务消费者ribbon-consumer

1.在pom.xml中导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.syf.study</groupId>
	<artifactId>ribbon-consumer</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>
	<name>ribbon-consumer</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.15.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
			<version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
			<version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
	</repositories>
	<!--springcloud-->
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

2.在启动类中通过@EnableDisCoveryClient注解让该应用为Eureka的客户端应用，获得服务发现的能力。同时在启动类中创建RestTemplate的SpringBean实例，通过@LoadBalanced注解开启客户端负载均衡。

package com.syf.study;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //开启注册中心客户端注解
public class RibbonConsumerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(RibbonConsumerApplication.class, args);
	}
	
	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced
	RestTemplate restTemplate(){
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
}

3.创建ConsumerController类

package com.syf.study;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/findHelloInServer")
    public String findHelloInServer(){
        System.out.println("客户端调用...");
        ResponseEntity<String> forEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://EUREKA-CLIENT-1/hello", String.class);
        String body = forEntity.getBody();
        System.out.println("访问对象："+forEntity.toString());
        System.out.println("负载均衡调用结果得到："+body);
        return body;
    }
}

注意：负载均衡调用的路径是EUREKA-CLIENT-1是注册中心上服务的名字，而不是端口和IP，不然就不是负载均衡了。

4.将RIBBON-CONSUMER消费服务注册到注册中心上，记得与EUREKA-CLIENT-1服务是一样的配置，不然消费服务无法发现EUREKA-CLIENT-1服务

### 高可用配置
spring.application.name=ribbon-consumer
server.port=9090
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:1001/eureka/,http://localhost:1002/eureka/

5.启动RIBBON-CONSUMER消费服务，查看是否成功注册到EUREKA注册中心上

6.调用RIBBON-CONSUMER消费服务中的findHelloInServer方法：http://localhost:9090/findHelloInServer

日志打印：【每次调用，注册中心会根据自己的一个访问机制来指定客户端调用的服务】