【数据库】安装MySql及常用操作

环境：win10
参考文档：http://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-install.html

1、下载mysql, 放到本地目录

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2、在本地目录创建my.ini 配置文件

参考：http://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-install.html

3、进入bin目录，初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize --console
2019-03-28T04:14:02.731761Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.15\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.15) initializing of server in progress as process 15164
2019-03-28T04:14:02.758972Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
2019-03-28T04:14:18.947313Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 7ue&+55sggkP
2019-03-28T04:14:24.169391Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.15\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.15) initializing of server has completed

4、启动 mysql 服务

mysqld install
net start mysql

5、本机 mysql 数据库操作

//完整命令: mysql -h 主机名 -u 用户名 -p

λ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************   //输入初始化时生成的密码7ue&+55sggkP
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.15

//修改默认密码 
mysql>alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456'; 

//创建数据库 
mysql> create DATABASE firstData;

//查看已有数据库
mysql> show databases;

//选择数据库
mysql> use firstData;

//创建数据表 
mysql> CREATE TABLE `env_record` (
    -> `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键id',
    -> `name` varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '标题',
    -> PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    -> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='环境数据表';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

//查看已有数据表
mysql> show tables;


//查看数据表详情
mysql> desc env_record

//插入一条数据
INSERT INTO env_record 
    (name)
    VALUES
    ("测试环境");

//插入多条数据
INSERT INTO env_record  (env_name)  VALUES  ("测试环境"),("线上环境");


//查看数据表
select * from env_record;