枚举类

1.枚举类基本用法

枚举类最基本的用法就是实现类型安全的枚举

enum class Direction {
NORTH,SOUTH,WEST
}

每个自举常量都是一个对象。枚举常量通过逗号分开。

2.枚举类定义变量

enum class Direction
{
    NORTH,SOUTH,WEST,EAST
}
fun main(args: Array<String>)
{
    //  定义一个枚举类变量
    var direction1: Direction
    //  定义一个枚举类变量，并初始化
    var direction2: Direction = Direction.NORTH
    //  自动识别枚举类型
    var direction3 = Direction.SOUTH
    var direction4 = Direction.SOUTH
    if(direction3 == direction4)
    {
        println("枚举类型值相等")
    }
    else
    {
        println("枚举类型值不相等")
    }

    println(Direction.NORTH)
    println(direction2)

}

3.为枚举类指定对应的值

因为每个枚举都是枚举类的一个实例，它们是可以初始化的。可以指定对应的值

//  为枚举值指定对应的数值

enum class Direction1 private constructor(val d:Int)
{
    NORTH(1), SOUTH(2), WEST(3), EAST(4);

    override fun toString(): String {
        return d.toString()   //返回当前枚举值对应的数字
    }


}
fun main(args: Array<String>)
{
    var direction1: Direction1 = Direction1.EAST
    var direction2 = Direction1.WEST
    println(direction1)
    println(direction2)
    println(direction1.name)  //输出name
    println(direction2.ordinal)  //输出内容

    println(Direction1.valueOf("SOUTH"))

    for(d in Direction1.values())
    {
        println(d)
    }
}

kotlin为枚举提供了name和ordinal方法，分别用来获取枚举值名称和索引

4. 匿名类

枚举实例也可以声明它们自己的匿名类

num class ProtocolState {
    WAITING {
        override fun signal() = Taking
    },
    Taking{
        override fun signal() = WAITING
    };
    abstract fun signal(): ProtocolState
}

fun main(args: Array<String>)
{
    var direction1: ProtocolState = ProtocolState.WAITING
    var direction2: ProtocolState = ProtocolState.WAITING
    if(direction1 == direction2)
    {
        println("枚举类型值相等")
    }
    else
    {
        println("枚举类型值不相等")
    }
}

输出结果，枚举类型值相等