目录
1.掌握 Linux 常用的命令,查看确认软、硬件信息。
[root@localhost ~]# getconf LONG_BIT --查看系统位数
64
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/issue --查看当前系统
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.9 (Santiago)
Kernel \r on an \m
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a --查询LINUX版本
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 00:53:17 EST 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# df -h --查看磁盘空间
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 18G 2.5G 14G 15% /
tmpfs 931M 76K 931M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 283M 41M 228M 16% /boot
2.规划安装路径和用户。
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/dmdbms --规划目录
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dinstall --创建一个工作组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g dinstall -m -d /home/dmdba/ -s /bin/bash dmdba --添加用户
[root@localhost ~]# passwd dmdba --添加密码
Changing password for user dmdba.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
3.环境变量配置，文件最大打开数目设置。
--配置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# su - dmdba
[dmdba@localhost ~]$ cd /home/dmdba
[dmdba@localhost dmdba]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export DM_HOME=/home/dmdba
export PATH=$DM_HOME/bin:$DM_HOME/tool:$PATH:$HOME/bin
--文件最大打开数目
[root@localhost~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
4.在 Linux 环境上安装达梦数据库并创建实例。
上传达梦安装软件到服务器
[root@localhost soft]# ls
DMInstall.bin
安装数据库
[root@localhost soft]# ./DMInstall.bin -i
Please select the installer's language (E/e:English C/c:Chinese) [E/e]:e
Extract install files..........
core file size (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority (-e) 0
file size (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals (-i) 7330
max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64
max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files (-n) 1024
pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200
real-time priority (-r) 0
stack size (kbytes, -s) 10240
cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes (-u) 7330
virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks (-x) unlimited
The max number of open files is too little, suggest to set 65536 or more to number of open files.
Welcome to DM DBMS Installer
Whether to input the path of Key File? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No) [Y/y]:n
Whether to Set The TimeZone? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No) [Y/y]:y
TimeZone:
[ 1]: GTM-12=West Date Line
[ 2]: GTM-11=Samoa
[ 3]: GTM-10=Hawaii
[ 4]: GTM-09=Alaska
[ 5]: GTM-08=Pacific(America and Canada)
[ 6]: GTM-07=Arizona
[ 7]: GTM-06=Central(America and Canada)
[ 8]: GTM-05=East(America and Canada)
[ 9]: GTM-04=Atlantic(America and Canada)
[10]: GTM-03=Brasilia
[11]: GTM-02=Middle Atlantic
[12]: GTM-01=Azores
[13]: GTM=Greenwich Mean Time
[14]: GTM+01=Sarajevo
[15]: GTM+02=Cairo
[16]: GTM+03=Moscow
[17]: GTM+04=AbuDhabi
[18]: GTM+05=Islamabad
[19]: GTM+06=Dakar
[20]: GTM+07=BangKok,Hanoi
[21]: GTM+08=China
[22]: GTM+09=Seoul
[23]: GTM+10=Guam
[24]: GTM+11=Solomon
[25]: GTM+12=Fiji
[26]: GTM+13=Nukualofa
[27]: GTM+14=Kiribati
Please Select the TimeZone [6]:21
Installation Type:
1 Typical
2 Server
3 Client
4 Custom
Please Input the number of the Installation Type [1 Typical]:1
Require Space: 1147M
Please Input the install path [/opt/dmdbms]:/home/dmdba/dmdbms
Available Space:12G
Please Confirm the install path(/home/dmdba/dmdbms)? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No) [Y/y]:y
Pre-Installation Summary
Installation Location: /home/dmdba/dmdbms
Require Space: 1147M
Available Space: 12G
Version Information:
Expire Date:
Installation Type: Typical
Confirm to Install? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No):y
2021-05-10 02:40:57
[INFO] Installing DM DBMS...
2021-05-10 02:40:57
[INFO] Installing BASE Module...
2021-05-10 02:41:10
[INFO] Installing SERVER Module...
2021-05-10 02:41:12
[INFO] Installing CLIENT Module...
2021-05-10 02:41:20
[INFO] Installing DRIVERS Module...
2021-05-10 02:41:23
[INFO] Installing MANUAL Module...
2021-05-10 02:41:24
[INFO] Installing SERVICE Module...
2021-05-10 02:41:26
[INFO] Move log file to log directory.
2021-05-10 02:41:26
[INFO] Change the power of installtion directory successfully.
2021-05-10 02:41:26
[INFO] Starting DmAPService service...
2021-05-10 02:41:42
[INFO] Start DmAPService service successfully.
2021-05-10 02:41:42
[INFO] Installed DM DBMS completely.
End
①命令行创建实例
[root@localhost bin]# ./dminit path=/opt/dmdbms/ page_size=16 log_size=2048 unicode_flag=1 length_in_char=0 port_num=5236 BLANK_PAD_MODE=1 INSTANCE_NAME=DM2
initdb V8
db version: 0x7000c
file dm.key not found, use default license!
License will expire on 2022-04-27
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
log file path: /opt/dmdbms/DAMENG/DAMENG01.log
log file path: /opt/dmdbms/DAMENG/DAMENG02.log
write to dir [/opt/dmdbms/DAMENG].
create dm database success. 2021-05-10 03:49:08
--注册服务信息
[root@localhost bin]# cd ../script/root/
[root@localhost root]# ls
dm_service_installer.sh dm_service_uninstaller.sh
[root@localhost root]# ./dm_service_installer.sh help
Usage: dm_service_installer.sh -t service_type [-p service_name_postfix] [-dm_ini dm_ini_file]
[-watcher_ini watcher_ini_file ] [-monitor_ini monitor_ini_file] [-cssm_ini cssm_ini_file]
[-dfs_ini dfs_ini_file] [-dcr_ini dcr_ini_file]
[-dss_ini dss_ini_file] [-drs_ini drs_ini_file] [-dras_ini dras_ini_file] [-dcs_ini dcs_ini_file] [-server server_info]
[-dmap_ini dmap_ini_file] [-m open|mount] [-y dependent_service] [-auto true|false]
or dm_service_installer.sh [-s service_file_path]
or dm_service_installer.sh -h
[root@localhost root]# ./dm_service_installer.sh -t dmserver -dm_ini /opt/dmdbms/DAMENG/dm.ini -p DM2
Move the service script file(/home/dmdba/dmdbms/bin/DmServiceDM2 to /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmServiceDM2)
Finished to create the service (DmServiceDM2)
②VNC图形界面创建实例
| rpm -qa |grep vnc |
| ps -ef | grep vnc |
[root@localhost soft]# yum install tigervnc tigervnc-server --Y安装VNC
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vncserver --VNC密码设置
You will require a password to access your desktops.
Password:
Verify:
xauth: file /root/.Xauthority does not exist
New 'localhost.localdomain:1 (root)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:1
Creating default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.log
[root@localhost soft]# vi /root/.vnc/xstartup
[root@localhost soft]# service vncserver start
Starting VNC server: no displays configured [FAILED]
[root@localhost soft]# vim /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
[root@localhost soft]# service vncserver start
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop --关闭防火墙
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
根据图像界面NEXT，部分参数可能需要修改，例如
5.数据库初始化各个参数
PATH 数据库存放路径
PAGE_SIZE： 页大小
LOG_SIZE： 重做日志文件大小
UNICODE_FLAG： 字符集 取值：0 代表 GB18030，1 代表 UTF-8，2 代表韩文字符集 EUC-KR。
LENGTH_IN_CHAR： VARCHAR 类型对象的长度是否以字符为单位
INSTANCE_NAME： 实例名称
PORT_NUM: 数据库监听端口
BLANK_PAD_MODE: 设置字符串比较时，结尾空格填充模式是否兼容 ORACLE。取值：1 兼容；0 不兼容。
更多参数详情请查看dminit.pdf
6.数据库实例的管理：数据库状态以及数据库模式等
数据库状态：
配置状态（MOUNT）：不允许访问数据库对象，只能进行控制文件维护、归档配置、 数据库模式修改等操作；
打开状态（OPEN）：不能进行控制文件维护、归档配置等操作，可以访问数据库对象，对外提供正常的数据库服务；
挂起状态（SUSPEND）：与 OPEN 状态的唯一区别就是，限制磁盘写入功能；一旦修改了数据页，触发 REDO 日志、数据页刷盘，当前用户将被挂起。
数据库模式：
普通模式（NORMAL）：用户可以正常访问数据库，操作没有限制；
主库模式（PRIMARY）：用户可以正常访问数据库，所有对数据库对象的修改强制生成 REDO 日志，在归档有效时，发送 REDO 日志到备库；
备库模式（STANDBY）：接收主库发送过来的 REDO 日志并重做。数据对用户只读。
7.数据库服务注册、服务如何查看、数据库如何启动停止
--数据库服务注册
[root@localhost init.d]# cd /home/dmdba/dmdbms/script/root/
[root@localhost root]# ls
dm_service_installer.sh dm_service_uninstaller.sh
[root@localhost root]# ./dm_service_installer.sh help
Usage: dm_service_installer.sh -t service_type [-p service_name_postfix] [-dm_ini dm_ini_file]
[-watcher_ini watcher_ini_file ] [-monitor_ini monitor_ini_file] [-cssm_ini cssm_ini_file]
[-dfs_ini dfs_ini_file] [-dcr_ini dcr_ini_file]
[-dss_ini dss_ini_file] [-drs_ini drs_ini_file] [-dras_ini dras_ini_file] [-dcs_ini dcs_ini_file] [-server server_info]
[-dmap_ini dmap_ini_file] [-m open|mount] [-y dependent_service] [-auto true|false]
or dm_service_installer.sh [-s service_file_path]
or dm_service_installer.sh -h
[root@localhost root]# ./dm_service_installer.sh -t dmserver -dm_ini /opt/dmdbms/DAMENG/dm.ini -p DM2
Move the service script file(/home/dmdba/dmdbms/bin/DmServiceDM2 to /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmServiceDM2)
Finished to create the service (DmServiceDM2)
--服务查看
[root@localhost root]# ps -ef|grep dms
dmdba 3994 1 1 04:16 pts/0 00:00:06 /home/dmdba/dmdbms/bin/dmserver /opt/dmdbms/DAMENG/dm.ini -noconsole
root 4083 2904 0 04:25 pts/0 00:00:00 grep dms
--数据库启动和停止
[root@localhost root]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# ./DmServiceDM2 start
Starting DmServiceDM2: [ OK ]
[root@localhost init.d]# ./DmServiceDM2 stop
Stopping DmServiceDM2: [ OK ]
8.达梦数据库的卸载
VNC连接图形界面，执行dbca.sh 即可
第二个选择为删除实例，第四个为删除数据库服务
根据步骤NEXT即可
删除服务
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