介绍
官方解释：Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构，从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时，可以选择使用Spring的Spring MVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架。
基本使用
打个比方，如果是用原来的方式进行请求的话，一般我们是以servlet的方式进行请求，以及请求中带参数进行传递参，然后后台利用request和response来进行请求和响应进行处理，通过判断前台请求的方法来进行调用，而springmvc为我们提供了一个很好的方便，springmvc利用requestMapping来进行唯一标识的请求（注意每一个requestMapping的标识都是唯一的，如果出现多个controller，则需要在控制器上面也加一个requestMapping的注解来进行唯一标识），而请求则只需要填写响应的requestMapping唯一标示的名字即可。
下面举个例子来说明springmvc的基本用法：
entity层
package com.yqx.entity;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.Date;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String username;
private String password;
private int sex;
private int age;
private Date birthday;
private Timestamp creatTime;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(int sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public Timestamp getCreatTime() {
return creatTime;
}
public void setCreatTime(Timestamp creatTime) {
this.creatTime = creatTime;
}
public Student(int id, String name, String username, String password, int sex, int age, Date birthday,
Timestamp creatTime) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.sex = sex;
this.age = age;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.creatTime = creatTime;
}
public Student() {
super();
}
}
Dao层
package com.yqx.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.yqx.entity.Student;
public interface StudentDao {
/**
* ��Ӽ�¼
* @param student
*/
public void add(Student student);
/**
* ������Ӽ�¼
* @param list
*/
public void addMore(List<Student> list);
/**
* ��������ɾ����¼
* @param id
*/
public void deleteById(int id);
/**
* ������������ɾ����¼
* @param ids
*/
public void deleteMore(String ids);
/**
* ���¼�¼
* @param student
*/
public void update(Student student);
/**
* ����������ѯ������¼
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Student queryById(int id);
/**
* ��ѯ���м�¼
* @return
*/
public List<Student> queryAll();
/**
* ��ҳ��ѯ��¼
* @param currentPage
* @param pageSize
* @return
*/
public List<Student> queryByPage(int currentPage,int pageSize);
/**
* ������ҳ��ѯ��¼
* @param currentPage
* @param pageSize
* @return
*/
public List<Student> queryByPage(int currentPage,int pageSize,String condition);
/**
* ��ȡ�ܼ�¼��
* @return
*/
public int getTotals();
/**
* ����������ȡ�ܼ�¼��
* @return
*/
public int getTotals(String condition);
}
package com.yqx.daoImpl;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.yqx.dao.StudentDao;
import com.yqx.entity.Student;
import com.yqx.util.DBUtil;
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao{
@Override
public void add(Student student) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
String sql = "insert into student(name,username,password,sex,age,birthday,creatTime) values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, student.getName());
pst.setString(2, student.getUsername());
pst.setString(3, student.getPassword());
pst.setInt(4, student.getSex());
pst.setInt(5, student.getAge());
pst.setDate(6, new Date(student.getBirthday().getTime()));
pst.setTimestamp(7,new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
System.out.println("�ɹ�����"+pst.executeUpdate()+"������");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, null);
}
}
@Override
public void addMore(List<Student> list) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
String sql = "insert into student(name,username,password,sex,age,birthday,creatTime) values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++) {
Student student = list.get(i);
pst.setString(1, student.getName());
pst.setString(2, student.getUsername());
pst.setString(3, student.getPassword());
pst.setInt(4, student.getSex());
pst.setInt(5, student.getAge());
pst.setDate(6, new Date(student.getBirthday().getTime()));
pst.setTimestamp(7,new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
pst.addBatch();
if(i%300==0) {
pst.executeBatch();
pst.clearBatch();
}
}
pst.executeBatch();
pst.clearBatch();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, null);
}
}
@Override
public void deleteById(int id) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
String sql = "delete from student where id=?";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setInt(1, id);
System.out.println("�ɹ�ɾ��"+pst.executeUpdate()+"������");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, null);
}
}
@Override
public void deleteMore(String ids) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
String sql = "delete from student where id in ("+ids+")";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
System.out.println("�ɹ�ɾ��"+pst.executeUpdate()+"������");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, null);
}
}
@Override
public void update(Student student) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
String sql = "update student set name=?,username=?,password=?,sex=?,age=?,birthday=?,creatTime=? where id=?";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, student.getName());
pst.setString(2, student.getUsername());
pst.setString(3, student.getPassword());
pst.setInt(4, student.getSex());
pst.setInt(5, student.getAge());
pst.setDate(6, new Date(student.getBirthday().getTime()));
pst.setTimestamp(7,new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
pst.setInt(8, student.getId());
System.out.println("�ɹ���"+pst.executeUpdate()+"������");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, null);
}
}
@Override
public Student queryById(int id) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select * from student where id=?";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setInt(1, id);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
s.setName(rs.getString("name"));
s.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
s.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
s.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
s.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
s.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
s.setCreatTime(rs.getTimestamp("creatTime"));
return s;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, rs);
}
return null;
}
@Override
public List<Student> queryAll() {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select * from student order by id";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
s.setName(rs.getString("name"));
s.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
s.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
s.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
s.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
s.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
s.setCreatTime(rs.getTimestamp("creatTime"));
list.add(s);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, rs);
}
return list;
}
@Override
public List<Student> queryByPage(int currentPage, int pageSize) {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select * from student order by id limit ?,?";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setInt(1, (currentPage-1)*pageSize);
pst.setInt(2, pageSize);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
s.setName(rs.getString("name"));
s.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
s.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
s.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
s.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
s.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
s.setCreatTime(rs.getTimestamp("creatTime"));
list.add(s);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, rs);
}
return list;
}
@Override
public int getTotals() {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select count(*) from student";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()) {
return rs.getInt(1);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, rs);
}
return 0;
}
@Override
public int getTotals(String condition) {
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select count(*) from student "+condition;
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()) {
return rs.getInt(1);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, rs);
}
return 0;
}
@Override
public List<Student> queryByPage(int currentPage, int pageSize, String condition) {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select * from student "+condition+" order by id limit ?,?";
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setInt(1, (currentPage-1)*pageSize);
pst.setInt(2, pageSize);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()) {
Student s = new Student();
s.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
s.setName(rs.getString("name"));
s.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
s.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
s.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
s.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
s.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
s.setCreatTime(rs.getTimestamp("creatTime"));
list.add(s);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
DBUtil.close(con, pst, rs);
}
return list;
}
}
工具类用来进行连接池
package com.yqx.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
public class DBUtil {
private static String driver;
private static String url;
private static String username;
private static String password;
static {
Properties p = new Properties();
try {
p.load(DBUtil.class.getResourceAsStream("/dbconfig.properties"));
driver = p.getProperty("driver");
url = p.getProperty("url");
username = p.getProperty("username");
password = p.getProperty("password");
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* ��ȡ���ݿ����Ӷ���
* @return
*/
public static Connection getConnection() {
try {
Class.forName(driver);
return DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* �ر����ݿ����
* @param con
* @param pst
* @param rs
*/
public static void close(Connection con,PreparedStatement pst,ResultSet rs) {
if(rs!=null) {
try {
rs.close();
rs = null;
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(pst!=null) {
try {
pst.close();
pst = null;
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(con!=null) {
try {
con.close();
con = null;
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
properties文件配置数据库
#mysql
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yqx?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
username=root
password=root
package com.yqx.controller;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.yqx.dao.StudentDao;
import com.yqx.daoImpl.StudentDaoImpl;
import com.yqx.entity.Student;
import com.yqx.util.Pager;
@Controller
public class StudentController {
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String add(Student s) {
StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();
dao.add(s);
return "forward:/queryByPage";
}
@RequestMapping("/deleteById")
public String deleteById(int id) {
StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();
dao.deleteById(id);
return "forward:/queryByPage";
}
@RequestMapping("/deleteMore")
public String deleteMore(String ids) {
StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();
dao.deleteMore(ids);
return "forward:/queryByPage";
}
@RequestMapping("/update")
public String update(Student s) {
StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();
dao.update(s);
return "forward:/queryByPage";
}
@RequestMapping("/queryById")
public String queryById(HttpServletRequest request,int id,String currentPage,Map<String,Object> map) {
String qname = request.getParameter("qname");
String qusername = request.getParameter("qusername");
String qsex = request.getParameter("qsex");
StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();
Student s = dao.queryById(id);
map.put("student", s);
map.put("currentPage", currentPage);
map.put("qname", qname);
map.put("qusername", qusername);
map.put("qsex", qsex);
return "update";
}
@RequestMapping("/queryByPage")
public String queryByPage(HttpServletRequest request,String currentPage,Map<String,Object> map) {
String qname = request.getParameter("qname");
String qusername = request.getParameter("qusername");
String qsex = request.getParameter("qsex");
String condition = " where 1=1 ";
if (qname != null && !qname.equals("")&&!qname.equalsIgnoreCase("null")) {
condition += " and name like '%" + qname + "%' ";
}
if (qusername != null && !qusername.equals("")&&!qusername.equalsIgnoreCase("null")) {
condition += " and username like '%" + qusername + "%' ";
}
if (qsex != null && !qsex.equals("") && !qsex.equals("-1")&&!qsex.equalsIgnoreCase("null")) {
condition += " and sex = " + qsex ;
}
StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();
Pager<Student> pager = new Pager<>(dao.getTotals(condition),currentPage);
List<Student> list = dao.queryByPage(pager.getSp(), pager.getPageSize(),condition);
pager.setList(list);
map.put("pager", pager);
map.put("qname", qname);
map.put("qusername", qusername);
map.put("qsex", qsex);
return "list";
}
/*
* �������Ϊ���ڸ�ʽ
* */
@InitBinder
public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder){
binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),
true));
}
}
页面显示利用原生的数据显示方法，为了可以和servlet进行对比
<table border=1 id="myTable">
<tr>
<th><input type="checkbox"></th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>账号</th>
<th>密码</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>出生日期</th>
<th>创建时间</th>
<th>操作
<a href="add.jsp">新增</a>
|
<a href="#" onclick="deleteMore(${pager.sp },'${qname }','${qusername }','${qsex }');">批量删除</a>
</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="student" items="${pager.list }">
<tr onmouseover="mouseOver(this);" onmouseout="mouseOut(this);">
<td><input type="checkbox" value="${student.id }"></td>
<td>${student.id }</td>
<td>${student.name }</td>
<td>${student.username }</td>
<td>${student.password }</td>
<td>${student.sex==1?"男":"女" }</td>
<td>${student.age }</td>
<td>${student.birthday }</td>
<td>${student.creatTime }</td>
<td>
<a href="queryById?id=${student.id }¤tPage=${pager.sp }&qname=${qname }&qusername=${qusername}&qsex=${qsex}">修改</a>
|
<a href="#" onclick="deleteById(${student.id},${pager.sp },'${qname }','${qusername }','${qsex }');">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<div id="page">
总记录数：${pager.totals } 总页数：${pager.pageCounts } 当前页：${pager.sp }
<a href="queryByPage?currentPage=1&qname=${qname }&qusername=${qusername}&qsex=${qsex}">首页</a>
<a href="queryByPage?currentPage=${pager.sp-1 }&qname=${qname }&qusername=${qusername}&qsex=${qsex}">上一页</a>
<form action="queryByPage?qname=${qname }&qusername=${qusername}&qsex=${qsex}" method="post" style="display: inline;">
<input type="text" name="currentPage" size="4" value="${pager.sp }">
</form>
<a href="queryByPage?currentPage=${pager.sp+1 }&qname=${qname }&qusername=${qusername}&qsex=${qsex}">下一页</a>
<a href="queryByPage?currentPage=${pager.pageCounts }&qname=${qname }&qusername=${qusername}&qsex=${qsex}">末页</a>
</div>
add布局以及请求
<body>
<form action="add"method="post">
姓名：<input type="text" name="name" ><br/>
帐号：<input type="text" name="username" ><br/>
密码：<input type="password" name="password" ><br/>
性别：<input type="radio" name="sex" value="1" checked="checked">男
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="0">女<br/>
年龄：<input type="text" name="age" ><br/>
出生日期：<input type="date" name="birthday" ><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交" ><br/>
</form>
</body>
update布局以及请求
<body>
<form action="update" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${student.id }">
<input type="hidden" name="currentPage" value="${currentPage }">
<input type="hidden" name="qname" value="${qname }">
<input type="hidden" name="qusername" value="${qusername }">
<input type="hidden" name="qsex" value="${qsex }">
姓名：<input type="text" name="name" value="${student.name }"><br/>
帐号：<input type="text" name="username" value="${student.username }"><br/>
密码：<input type="password" name="password" value="${student.password }"><br/>
性别：<input type="radio" name="sex" value="1" <c:if test="${student.sex==1 }">checked="checked"</c:if>>男
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="0" <c:if test="${student.sex==0 }">checked="checked"</c:if>>女<br/>
年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${student.age }"><br/>
出生日期：<input type="date" name="birthday" value="${student.birthday }"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"><br/>
</form>
</body>
这里提供的是原生页面的显示，新增以及更新，为了更好的让刚刚接触了解springmvc和servlet的不同点，以及前台页面请求书写的不同，相比之下springmvc更加的简便，取值和传值都有很大的不同，当然，springmvc同样也可以使用原来servlet的取值传值方式，提供一个方法进行set，让其变为全局变量设置，然后其他的方法可以进行使用，以及对时间格式的处理
/*
* 处理时间格式
*/
@InitBinder
public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder) {
binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
}
/*
*request和response
*/
@ModelAttribute
public void setRequestAndResponse(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
this.request = request;
this.response = response;
this.response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
}
项目整个结构相信大家都清楚了：
entity — Dao — controller 这是大部分刚接触的
但是为了控制层的清晰，我们可以加入另外一层：
entity — Dao — service — controller
将对象的操作在service层中进行处理，如果后面我放一些框架的小案例，我会以4层操作进行项目流程编写，这也是提供大家的一个建议。
这样与servlet进行对比，可以更加容易去理解，Dao层也是用基础的知识点，没有加入mybatis框架的使用，后续也会做一个mybatis和原生连接的原理和对比。
如果存在不好的地方，欢迎指出评论，谢谢~
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