基于scoket通信的简单客户端—服务器通信程序

      在阅读了上一篇基本套接字变成后，采用socket通信机制，参考网上的例子写了一个客户端-服务器通信程序，该程序实现了服务器向客户端发送“Hello world！”，客户端将从客户端接收的字符串反转然后在发送给服务器。网上得参考程序一些小的错误，导致程序无法运行。服务器端采用127.0.0.1为地址，以便能够在同一台主机上测试。

错误一：出现Segmentation fault (core dumped)错误，原因是没有为套接字地址分配存储空间，添加memset进行空间分配后错误得以解决

错误二：server从客户端只能接受到4个字符，原因在于client在fwrite过程中没有设定好传输的字节大小。

源代码如下所示：

server.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#define serverport 2222
#define maxlen 10

int main()
{
    FILE *fp;
    int sockfd,client_fd;
    int sin_size;//length of address
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    memset(&server_addr,0,sizeof(server_addr));
    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
    memset(&client_addr,0,sizeof(client_addr));
    char msg[]={"Hello world!"};
    if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
    {
        perror("socket create error!");
        exit(1);
    }
    server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port=htons(serverport);
    inet_aton("127.0.0.1",server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
    bzero(&(server_addr.sin_zero),8);
    if(bind(sockfd,(const struct sockaddr *)&server_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
    {
        perror("bind error!");
        exit(1);
    }
    if(listen(sockfd,maxlen)==-1)
    {  
        perror("listen error!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    while(1)
    {
        sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
        if((client_fd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr,&sin_size))==-1)
        {
             perror("accept error!\n");
             continue;
        }
        printf("received a connection from %s\n",inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr));
        if(fork()==0)
        {
            char buffer[1024];
            if(write(client_fd,msg,strlen(msg))==-1)
                perror("send error!\n");
            if(read(client_fd,buffer,1024)==-1)
                perror("read error!\n");
            if((fp=fopen("s_backup.c","ab"))==NULL)
            {
                printf("cannot open/create a file!");
                exit(0);
            }
            fwrite(msg,strlen(buffer),1,fp);
            printf("the massage received from the client:%s\n",buffer);
            exit(0);
            fclose(fp);
       }
       close(client_fd);
    }
    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}

client.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define servport 2222
#define maxdatasize 1024

int reverse(char msg[],int len)
{
    int begin=0;
    int end=len-1;
    char temp;
    while((begin+1)<=end)
    {
        temp=msg[begin];
        msg[begin]=msg[end];
        msg[end]=temp;
        begin++;
        end--;
    }
    msg[len]='\0';
    return 0;
}
int main()
{
    FILE *fp;
    int sockfd=0;
    int recvbytes=0;
    char *buf=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*maxdatasize);
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    //int reverse(char a[],int len);
    memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
    if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
    {
        perror("socket create error!");
        exit(1);
    }
    serv_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port=htons(servport);		
    inet_aton("127.0.0.1",serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
    bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero),8);
    if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&serv_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
    {
       perror("connect error!");
       exit(1);
    }
    if((recvbytes=read(sockfd,buf,30))==-1)
    {
        perror("read error!");
        exit(1);
    }
    buf[recvbytes]='\0';
    printf("the massage received from the server :%s\n",buf);
    if((fp=fopen("c_backuo.txt","ab"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("cannot open/create a file!");
        exit(0);
    }
    fwrite(buf,strlen(buf),1,fp);
    reverse(buf,strlen(buf));
    if(write(sockfd,buf,strlen(buf))==-1)
    {
        perror("sending failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    close(sockfd);
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

调试方法：

首先打开一个运行终端，编译运行上述的服务器程序，然后再打开一个运行终端，编译运行上述的客户端程序。此处给出运行结果

服务器的结果如下

客户端的结果如下