Linux安装MySQL（解压版）

1. 下载Mysql

MySQL下载官网：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

2. 安装MySQL

2.1 查看是否有预安装的MySQL

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

2.2 卸载预安装的MySQL

如果有则卸载。

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -e mysql名称 --nodeps

2.3 上传MySQL的安装包

通过SFTP进行上传，按Alt+P，进入上传界面

上传安装包

[root@centos7 ~]# put mysql解压包存放的路径

2.4 解压安装包

[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir mysql
[root@centos7 ~]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar -C /root/mysql/
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm

2.5 安装第三方依赖库

[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install libaio.so.1 libgcc_s.so.1 libstdc++.so.6 libncurses.so.5 --setopt=protected_multilib=false

[root@centos7 ~]# yum  update libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

安装第三方依赖出现的错误：

Transaction check error:
  file /usr/share/gcc-4.8.2/python/libstdcxx/v6/printers.pyc from install of libstdc++-4.8.5-44.el7.i686 conflicts with file from package libstdc++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
  file /usr/share/gcc-4.8.2/python/libstdcxx/v6/printers.pyo from install of libstdc++-4.8.5-44.el7.i686 conflicts with file from package libstdc++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64

Error Summary
-------------

安装第三方依赖

[root@centos7 mysql]# yum install make cmake gcc gcc-c++ bison bison-devel ncurses ncurses-devel antoconf automake

2.5 安装MySQL客户端

[root@centos7 mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm

2.6 安装MySQL服务端

mysql默认安装在了：/usr/share/mysql中

[root@centos7 mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm 

安装过程出现以下错误：

[root@centos7 mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
        file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
        file /usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
......

解决方案：https://www.cnblogs.com/biehongli/p/8013173.html

3. 启动MySQL服务

3.1 启动MySQL服务

[root@centos7 mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

3.2 查看MySQL状态

[root@centos7 mysql]# service mysql status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (15898)

3.3 重启MySQL服务

[root@centos7 mysql]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

3.4 停止MySQL服务

[root@centos7 mysql]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 

4. 登录MySQL

mysql 安装完成之后, 会自动生成一个随机的密码, 并且保存在一个密码文件中 : /root/.mysql_secret

查看安装后的默认密码：

[root@centos7 mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Jun 16 22:49:07 2021 (local time): JgzMM7VF7e_1IIPp

4.1 登录MySQL

密码在linux输入看不到

[root@centos7 mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:

4.2 退出登录

按住Ctrl+C

4.3 修改密码

mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

4.4 授予远程访问

为了能够使用第三软件进行访问，需要进行授权远程访问。

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

此时使用第三方软件连接时如果还连接不上就考虑防火墙的问题了

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports
3306/tcp