Thread的生命周期以及六种枚举态

先谈谈线程的生命周期，下面的图已经表现的非常明显，线程生命周期的五大状态

1：new新建状态。

2：runnable可运行态。

3：running运行态。

4：blocked堵塞状态，线程在运行态会等待某些操作wait、sleep、synchronized等方法进入阻塞状态。

阻塞状态的线程会在sleep方法结束后，锁释放，notify、notifyall被唤醒，suspend被调用resume方法以及其他方式被激活成runnable可运行状态。

5：死亡状态。

先看看线程状态State的枚举状态，取得方法为Thread.State.*

1：NEW状态也就是上述的new状态。

2：RUNNABLE非字面意思，包含上述的runnable和running两种状态。

3：BLOCKED、WAITING、TIMED_WAITING三种状态才能总括上述的blocked状态。

4：TERMINATED代表dead状态。

通过下面的源码来更深入的了解。

    public enum State {
        /**
         * Thread state for a thread which has not yet started.
         */
        NEW,
        
        /**
         * Thread state for a runnable thread.  A thread in the runnable
         * state is executing in the Java virtual machine but it may
         * be waiting for other resources from the operating system
         * such as processor.
         */
        RUNNABLE,
        
        /**
         * Thread state for a thread blocked waiting for a monitor lock.
         * A thread in the blocked state is waiting for a monitor lock
         * to enter a synchronized block/method or 
         * reenter a synchronized block/method after calling
         * {@link Object#wait() Object.wait}.
         */
        BLOCKED,
    
        /**
         * Thread state for a waiting thread.
         * A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the 
         * following methods:
         * <ul>
         *   <li>{@link Object#wait() Object.wait} with no timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link #join() Thread.join} with no timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link LockSupport#park() LockSupport.park}</li>
         * </ul>
         * 
         * <p>A thread in the waiting state is waiting for another thread to
         * perform a particular action.  
         *
         * For example, a thread that has called <tt>Object.wait()</tt>
         * on an object is waiting for another thread to call 
         * <tt>Object.notify()</tt> or <tt>Object.notifyAll()</tt> on 
         * that object. A thread that has called <tt>Thread.join()</tt> 
         * is waiting for a specified thread to terminate.
         */
        WAITING,
        
        /**
         * Thread state for a waiting thread with a specified waiting time.
         * A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of 
         * the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:
         * <ul>
         *   <li>{@link #sleep Thread.sleep}</li>
         *   <li>{@link Object#wait(long) Object.wait} with timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link #join(long) Thread.join} with timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkNanos LockSupport.parkNanos}</li> 
         *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkUntil LockSupport.parkUntil}</li>
         * </ul>
         */
        TIMED_WAITING,


        /**
         * Thread state for a terminated thread.
         * The thread has completed execution.
         */
        TERMINATED;
    }