mysql5.7数据库Linux安装

官网下载地址https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

系统环境CentOS6.8

一、添加mysql用户组及mysql用户

groupadd mysql
 
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql -g mysql

二、将二进制文件解压到指定的安装目录：/usr/local/mysql

tar zxf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
 
mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

三、创建mysql数据存放的目录：/data/mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql

四、更改所属的组和用户

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
 
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

五、编辑参数文件

（仅供参考，实际看需求）

# vim /etc/my.cnf
 
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
 
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql

#以下设置utf8mb4字符集，可忽略

character-set-server = utf8mb4
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
default_storage_engine = innodb

#日志记录路径，需要mysql账户对其有写权限，先touch新建再更改所属组

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

六、初始化数据库

cd /usr/local/mysql/
 
./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

2018-11-23T02:45:44.003058Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-11-23T02:45:44.670512Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-11-23T02:45:44.837045Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-11-23T02:45:44.941312Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e00a5bb2-eec9-11e8-8e2a-000c29e7dca1.
2018-11-23T02:45:44.950510Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-11-23T02:45:44.952934Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: w>;_EkWdw7SJ

[Note]部分为自动生成的password

如果报错：

./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

执行以下命令：

yum -y install libaio

七、配置启动文件

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
 
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
 
chkconfig --add mysqld
 
chkconfig --list mysqld

mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

八、启动mysql服务

service mysqld start

注：在/etc/profile中加入以下环境变量，可以用mysql代替/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql启动

MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
 
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

设置后需要重新加载一下：

source /etc/profile

九、初始化密码

#mysql -uroot -p‘xxxxx‘ #登陆MySQL客户端，密码为之前随机生成

mysql> SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('root');
mysql> flush privileges;

想让root在其他客户端也能管理数据库：

执行 ：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' ;

然后 执行：

flush privileges;

十、安全配置

mysql_secure_installation

详情点击查看严格的密码要求