SpringDataJpa学习

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-01 20:26:46 发布

Yuncoco

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-01 20:26:46 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Yuncoco/article/details/93407166

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一、什么是SpringDataJpa

JPA：是基于JDBC的封装，我们主要使用Hibernate对JPA的实现
SpringDataJPA：是spring下面的一个子框架SpringData中对JPA再次进行了封装，让开发人员用起来更简单
wenhao的jpa-spec框架：基于SpringDataJpa又封装了一次

二、集成Spring+SpringDataJpa

1.引入项目中所需要的所有包(pom.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.itsource</groupId>
  <artifactId>yxb</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <org.springframework.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
    <org.hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</org.hibernate.version>
    <spring-data-jpa.version>1.9.0.RELEASE</spring-data-jpa.version>
    <com.fasterxml.jackson.version>2.5.0</com.fasterxml.jackson.version>
    <org.slf4j.version>1.6.1</org.slf4j.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <!-- Spring的支持包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 引入web前端的支持 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SpringMCV上传需要用到io包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 文件上传用到的包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SpringMVC的json支持包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>${com.fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>${com.fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>${com.fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- hibernate的支持包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
      <version>${org.hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
      <version>${org.hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SpringData的支持包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-data-jpa.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SpringData的擴展包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.wenhao</groupId>
      <artifactId>jpa-spec</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.1</version>
      <!-- 把所有的依賴都去掉 -->
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>*</groupId>
          <artifactId>*</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
      <version>3.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 測試包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <!-- 这个scope 只能作用在编译和测试时，同时没有传递性。表示在运行的时候不添加此jar文件 -->
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 日志文件 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.14</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 代码生成器模版技术 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>
      <artifactId>velocity</artifactId>
      <version>1.6</version>
    </dependency>
  <!-- shiro的支持包 -->
   <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
      <artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.0</version>
      <type>pom</type>
  </dependency>
    <!-- shiro与Spring的集成包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
      <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- poi支持的jar包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
      <version>3.11</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
      <version>3.11</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 图片压缩功能 -->
    <!-- 缩略图 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>net.coobird</groupId>
      <artifactId>thumbnailator</artifactId>
      <version>0.4.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 定时调度 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>quartz</groupId>
      <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 邮件支持 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
      <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>aisell</finalName>
    <pluginManagement>
        <!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.20.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.2</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
</build>

</project>

4.dbcp.properties

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ibs
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

3.spring.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">


    <!-- 扫描包
        @Controller @Service @Repository @Component
    -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itsource.service"/>

    <!-- 开启Spring的注解支持 -->
    <context:annotation-config/>


    <!--
        1）配置数据库连接池
            dbcp.properties
        2）配置JPA的EntityManagerFactory，使用FactoryBean的方式配置
        3）支持全注解的事务管理 在Service层的实现类或者方法上面添加@Transactional注解即可
    -->
    <!--引入dbcp.properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:dbcp.properties"/>
    <!--配置dbcp连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <!--通常情况下以下四个key都要加前缀-->
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>


    <!--配置JPA的EntityManagerFactory【FactoryBean方式配置】-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <!--引用一个数据库连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--指定我们的domain实体类【加了@Entity注解的实体类】在哪个包-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itsource.domain"/>
        <!--指定一个适配器-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--配置方言-->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>
                <!--建表策略-->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false"/>
                <!--是否显示SQL-->
                <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    
    <!-- Service层添加事务管理【全注解添加事务管理】 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!--
        开启注解直接AOP
        tx:annotation-driven 表示开启注解支持Spring的事务管理【AOP】，会查找默认的bean名称：transactionManager
            transaction-manager属性可以指定事务管理器的bean名称，如果不指定默认找transactionManager
    -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"  />


    <!--
        以下是集成SpringDataJPA的配置
            base-package 表示指定一个包名，因为SpringDataJPA的DAO层只需要写接口，不需要写实现类【牛逼得很】
                因为没有实现类，有需要创建对象，所以SpringDataJPA自动帮我们生成一个实现类，
                所以扫描包就不能再使用context:component-scan扫描了，因为没有实现类，不能添加@Repository注解
            factory-class="cn.itsource.factorybean.MyRepositoryFactoryBean"
                SpringDataJPA默认使用SimpleJPARepository类作为自动生成的类的父类，如果需要修改就必须设置factory-class属性
    -->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.itsource.dao" transaction-manager-ref="txManager"
        factory-class="cn.itsource.factorybean.MyRepositoryFactoryBean" />


</beans>

在这里插入图片描述

设计思想
抽取BaseQuery用来接收前端高级查询请求参数
抽取排序方法
抽取分页方法
抽取获得Specification对象的方法
设计思想2
不想穿那么多参数
观察SimpleJpaRepository类的结构图
自定义扩展
BaseRepository
BaseRepositoryImpl
自定义的EmployeeRepository继承BaseRepository
修改配置文件指定我们自己的创建bean的方式

domain


@Entity
@Table(name="employee")
public class Employee {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;
    private String headImage;
    private Integer age;
    //多个员工属于同一个部门【单向多对一】
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name="department_id")
    //@JsonIgnoreProperties 表示转化为JSON的时候忽略指定的属性
    @JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"hibernateLazyInitializer","handler", "fieldHandler"})
    private Department department;
    ......get，set省略

@Entity
@Table(name="department")
public class Department {


    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String name;

dao
BaseRepository

package cn.itsource.dao;

import cn.itsource.query.BaseQuery;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 自定义扩展接口，用作实际业务接口的父接口
 * @param <T>
 * @param <ID>
 */
@NoRepositoryBean
public interface BaseRepository<T,ID extends Serializable> extends JpaRepository<T, ID>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<T> {

    /**
     * 通过BaseQuery对象查询集合
     * @param baseQuery  一般传入是BaseQuery的子类对象
     * @return
     */
    List<T> findAll(BaseQuery<T> baseQuery);

    /**
     * 通过BaseQuery对象进行分页+排序查询
     * @param baseQuery 一般传入是BaseQuery的子类对象
     * @return
     */
    Page<T> findAllByPage(BaseQuery<T> baseQuery);

    /**
     * 执行jpql，支持可变参数
     * @param jpql
     * @param values
     * @return
     */
    List<T> findByJpql(String jpql, Object... values);
}

IEmployeeRepository

public interface IEmployeeRepository extends BaseRepository<Employee, Long> {
}

impl
BaseRepositoryImpl

package cn.itsource.dao.impl;

import cn.itsource.dao.BaseRepository;
import cn.itsource.query.BaseQuery;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

public class BaseRepositoryImpl<T,ID extends Serializable> extends SimpleJpaRepository<T,ID> implements BaseRepository<T,ID> {

    private final EntityManager entityManager;

    public BaseRepositoryImpl(Class<T> domainClass, EntityManager em) {
        super(domainClass, em);
        this.entityManager = em;
    }

    @Override
    public List<T> findAll(BaseQuery<T> baseQuery) {
        return super.findAll(baseQuery.createSpecification());
    }

    @Override
    public Page<T> findAllByPage(BaseQuery<T> baseQuery) {
        return super.findAll(baseQuery.createSpecification(), baseQuery.createPageable());
    }

    @Override
    public List<T> findByJpql(String jpql, Object... values) {
        Query query = entityManager.createQuery(jpql);
        if (values!=null) {
            //设置参数
            for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
                query = query.setParameter(i+1, values[i]);
            }
        }
        return query.getResultList();
    }
}

Query:
抽取BaseQuery用来接收前端高级查询请求参数
BaseQuery

package cn.itsource.query;


import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.T;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;

/**
 * 高级查询的条件封装，放所有domain实体共有的高级查询条件
 * 方便在Controller的方法参数列表中直接使用对象来接收高级查询条件参数
 */
public abstract class BaseQuery<T> {

    private Long id;

    //当前页码
    private Integer pageNo = 1;

    //每页展示行数
    private Integer pageSize = 10;

    //默认使用id字段排序
    private String orderBy = "id";

    //默认使用id字段降序排序
    private String orderType = "DESC";

    /**
     * 创建分页规则
     * @return
     */
    public abstract Pageable createPageable();

    /**
     * 创建排序规则
     * @return
     */
    public abstract Sort createSort();

    /**
     * 创建Specification对象的抽象方法，专门交给子类去重写
     * @return
     */
    public abstract Specification<T> createSpecification();

    public Integer getPageNoJPA() {
        return pageNo-1;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getPageNo() {
        return pageNo;
    }

    public void setPageNo(Integer pageNo) {
        this.pageNo = pageNo;
    }

    public Integer getPageSize() {
        return pageSize;
    }

    public void setPageSize(Integer pageSize) {
        this.pageSize = pageSize;
    }

    public String getOrderBy() {
        return orderBy;
    }

    public void setOrderBy(String orderBy) {
        this.orderBy = orderBy;
    }

    public String getOrderType() {
        return orderType;
    }

    public void setOrderType(String orderType) {
        this.orderType = orderType;
    }
}

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SpringDataJpa学习

一、什么是SpringDataJpaJPA：是基于JDBC的封装，我们主要使用Hibernate对JPA的实现SpringDataJPA：是spring下面的一个子框架SpringData中对JPA再次进行了封装，让开发人员用起来更简单wenhao的jpa-spec框架：基于SpringDataJpa又封装了一次二、集成Spring+SpringDataJpa1.引入项目中所需要的所...
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