50个超硬核 Python 脚本！

AI大模型学习不迷路

已于 2024-04-07 09:57:56 修改

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于 2024-04-04 10:00:00 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Z4400840/article/details/137344517

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**核心点：**50个常用的Python模块，配官网文档！

小编给大家，整理了一个覆盖面比较广泛的Python脚本示例，涉及到机器学习、数据处理、还有算法er可能会遇到自己写后台的一些案例。

1、Hello World

print("Hello, World!")

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/

2、变量和数据类型

name = "Alice"
age = 30
height = 175.5
is_student = True

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/introduction.html#numbers

3、列表

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.append("date")
print(fruits)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/introduction.html#lists

4、字典

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30, "city": "New York"}
print(person["name"])

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html#dictionaries

5、循环

for i in range(1, 6):
    print(i)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/introduction.html#first-steps-towards-programming

6、条件语句

x = 5
if x > 10:
    print("x is greater than 10")
else:
    print("x is not greater than 10")

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html

7、函数

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

message = greet("Alice")
print(message)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html#defining-functions

8、模块导入

import math

print(math.sqrt(16))

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html

9、异常处理

try:
    result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Division by zero is not allowed.")

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html

10、文件操作

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Hello, File!")

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html

11、日期和时间

from datetime import datetime

now = datetime.now()
print(now)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html

12、随机数生成

import random

random_number = random.randint(1, 100)
print(random_number)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html

13、正则表达式

import re

text = "Hello, 12345"
pattern = r'\d+'
match = re.search(pattern, text)
if match:
    print(match.group())

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html

14、Web请求

import requests

response = requests.get("https://www.example.com")
print(response.text)

官方文档: https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/

15、CSV文件处理

import csv

with open("data.csv", "w", newline="") as file:
    writer = csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerow(["Name", "Age"])
    writer.writerow(["Alice", 25])

with open("data.csv", "r") as file:
    reader = csv.reader(file)
    for row in reader:
        print(row)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/csv.html

16、JSON处理

import json

data = {"name": "Bob", "age": 35}
json_data = json.dumps(data)
print(json_data)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html

17、爬虫 - BeautifulSoup

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

url = "https://www.example.com"
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
print(soup.title.text)

官方文档: https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/

18、多线程

import threading

def print_numbers():
    for i in range(1, 6):
        print(f"Number: {i}")

def print_letters():
    for letter in "abcde":
        print(f"Letter: {letter}")

thread1 = threading.Thread(target=print_numbers)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target=print_letters)

thread1.start()
thread2.start()

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/threading.html

23、数据爬取 - Selenium

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.example.com")

官方文档: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/en/

20、REST API - Flask

from flask import Flask, jsonify

app = Flask(__name)

@app.route('/api', methods=['GET'])
def get_data():
    data = {'message': 'Hello, API!'}
    return jsonify(data)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

官方文档: https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/2.1.x/

21、数据库连接 - SQLite

import sqlite3

conn = sqlite3.connect('mydatabase.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)')
conn.commit()
conn.close()

官方文档: https://www.sqlite.org/docs.html

22、图像处理 - Pillow

from PIL import Image

img = Image.open('example.jpg')
img.show()

官方文档: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html

23、图形界面 - Tkinter

import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()
label = tk.Label(root, text="Hello, GUI!")
label.pack()
root.mainloop()

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.html

24、文本生成 - Faker

from faker import Faker

fake = Faker()
print(fake.name())

官方文档: https://faker.readthedocs.io/en/master/

25、加密和解密 - cryptography

from cryptography.fernet import Fernet

key = Fernet.generate_key()
cipher_suite = Fernet(key)
text = "Secret message".encode()
cipher_text = cipher_suite.encrypt(text)
print(cipher_text)

官方文档: https://cryptography.io/en/latest/

26、Socket编程

import socket

server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.bind(('127.0.0.1', 12345))
server_socket.listen(5)
print("Server is listening...")

while True:
    client_socket, addr = server_socket.accept()
    print(f"Connection from {addr}")
    client_socket.send(b"Hello, client!")
    client_socket.close()

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html

27、并发编程 - threading

import threading

def print

_numbers():
    for i in range(1, 6):
        print(f"Number: {i}")

def print_letters():
    for letter in "abcde":
        print(f"Letter: {letter}")

thread1 = threading.Thread(target=print_numbers)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target=print_letters)

thread1.start()
thread2.start()

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/threading.html

28、正则表达式 - re

import re

text = "My phone number is 123-456-7890."
pattern = r'\d{3}-\d{3}-\d{4}'
match = re.search(pattern, text)
if match:
    print(f"Phone number found: {match.group()}")

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/howto/regex.html

29、REST API - FastAPI

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, query_param: str = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "query_param": query_param}

官方文档: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/

30、数据库连接 - SQLAlchemy

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///mydatabase.db')
Base = declarative_base()

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

官方文档: https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/

31、文本处理 - NLTK

import nltk
nltk.download('punkt')
from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize

text = "This is a sample sentence."
tokens = word_tokenize(text)
print(tokens)

官方文档: https://www.nltk.org/

32、命令行应用 - argparse

import argparse

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='A simple command-line app')
parser.add_argument('--name', type=str, help='Your name')
args = parser.parse_args()
print(f'Hello, {args.name}!')

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html

33、微服务 - Flask-RESTful

from flask import Flask
from flask_restful import Resource, Api

app = Flask(__name)
api = Api(app)

class HelloWorld(Resource):
    def get(self):
        return {'message': 'Hello, World!'}

api.add_resource(HelloWorld, '/')

官方文档: https://flask-restful.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

34、数据处理 - BeautifulSoup

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

url = "https://www.example.com"
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
print(soup.title.text)

官方文档: https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/

35、加密 - hashlib

import hashlib

text = "Secret Password"
hash_object = hashlib.sha256(text.encode())
hash_hex = hash_object.hexdigest()
print(hash_hex)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/hashlib.html

36、数据序列化 - Pickle

import pickle

data = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}
with open('data.pkl', 'wb') as file:
    pickle.dump(data, file)

with open('data.pkl', 'rb') as file:
    loaded_data = pickle.load(file)
    print(loaded_data)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html

37、并行处理 - concurrent.futures

import concurrent.futures

def square(x):
    return x * x

with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
    results = executor.map(square, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

for result in results:
    print(result)

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html

38、网络爬虫 - Scrapy

import scrapy

class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'example.com'
    start_urls = ['https://www.example.com']

    def parse(self, response):
        # 爬取和处理数据
        pass

官方文档: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/

39、异步编程 - asyncio

import asyncio

async def hello():
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print("Hello, Async!")

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(hello())

官方文档: https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html

40、数据分析 - Numpy

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(arr.mean())

官方文档: https://numpy.org/doc/stable/

41、数据处理 - Pandas

import pandas as pd

data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25, 30, 35]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df)

官方文档: https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/

42、数据可视化 - Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [10, 15, 13, 18, 20]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()

官方文档: https://matplotlib.org/stable/contents.html

43、机器学习 - Scikit-Learn

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier

iris = load_iris()
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(iris.data, iris.target, test_size=0.2)
clf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100)
clf.fit(X_train, y_train)

官方文档: https://scikit-learn.org/stable/documentation.html

44、机器学习 - Keras

from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense

model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(units=64, activation='relu', input_dim=100))
model.add(Dense(units=10, activation='softmax'))

官方文档: https://keras.io/guides/

45、图像处理 - OpenCV

import cv2

image = cv2.imread('image.jpg')
cv2.imshow('Image', image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

官方文档: https://docs.opencv.org/master/index.html

46、数据爬取 - Scrapy

import scrapy

class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'example.com'
    start_urls = ['https://www.example.com']

    def parse(self, response):
        # 爬取和处理数据
        pass

官方文档: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/

47、数据分析 - Seaborn

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = sns.load_dataset("iris")
sns.pairplot(data, hue="species")
plt.show()

官方文档: https://seaborn.pydata.org/introduction.html

48、数据可视化 - Plotly

import plotly.express as px

fig = px.scatter(x=[1, 2, 3, 4], y=[10, 11, 12, 13])
fig.show()

官方文档: https://plotly.com/python/

49、自然语言处理 - spaCy

import spacy

nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm')
doc = nlp("This is a sample sentence.")
for token in doc:
    print(token.text, token.pos_)

官方文档: https://spacy.io/usage/spacy-101

50、机器学习 - XGBoost

import xgboost as xgb

data = xgb.DMatrix('train.csv')
param = {'max_depth': 3, 'eta': 0.1, 'objective': 'reg:squarederror'}
model = xgb.train(param, data, 10)

官方文档: https://xgboost.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

Last - 云图

今天整理了 50 个常用的Python示例代码。

最后，给出咱们开头云图的代码，代码中大家可以自行设置内容和权重。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from wordcloud import WordCloud

# 方面列表和它们的权重
aspects = {
    "Hello World": 3,
    "Variables and Data Types": 4,
    "Lists": 4,
    "Dictionaries": 4,
    "Loops": 4,
    "Conditional Statements": 4,
    "Functions": 4,
    "Module Import": 4,
    "Exception Handling": 4,
    "Date and Time": 5,
    "Random Number Generation": 5,
    "Regular Expressions": 5,
    "CSV File Handling": 5,
    "JSON Handling": 5,
    "BeautifulSoup": 5,
    "File Operations": 5,
    "Multithreading": 5,
    "Tkinter": 5,
    "Pandas": 6,
    "asyncio": 5,
    "XGBoost": 6,
    "Matplotlib": 5,
    "Scikit-Learn": 5,
    "Selenium": 5,
    "Flask": 1,
    "Web Requests": 3,
    "SQLite": 3,
    "Pillow": 3,
    "Numpy": 6,
    "Faker": 3,
    "cryptography": 3,
    "Socket Programming": 3,
    "threading": 3,
    "re": 4,
    "NLTK": 5,
    "Keras": 7,
    "OpenCV": 7,
    "Scrapy": 7,
    "FastAPI": 3,
    "SQLAlchemy": 5,
    "Seaborn": 5,
    "Plotly": 5,
    "argparse": 5,
    "Flask-RESTful": 3,
    "BeautifulSoup": 3,
    "spaCy": 6,
    "hashlib": 5,
    "Pickle": 5,
    "concurrent.futures": 5,
    "Scrapy": 6
}

# 将方面列表和权重转化为文本
aspects_text = " ".join([aspect for aspect, weight in aspects.items() for _ in range(weight)])

# 创建WordCloud对象
wordcloud = WordCloud(width=800, height=400, background_color='white').generate(aspects_text)

# 显示云图
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation='bilinear')
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()