编码和解码,is与‘=‘区别

编码:一种表现格式,就跟各种语言的一种表达方式.

1.ASCII码 是个由一个字节(8个二进制位)组成,支持字母、数字、符合，不支持中文；

2.GBK码(国标码) 由2个字节(16个二进制位)组成,支持中文、字母、符合、数字；

3.unicode、UTF-8、UTF-16(万国码) 世界国际标准字符集,集合中文与各种文字、字符的编码.

解码:就是把编码读出来,把一种格式转成自己可以看的明白的一种表达格式.

编码储存如:

中文:

str='华盛顿是美国的首都'

print(str.encode('UTF-8'))

输出:

b'\xe5\x8d\x8e\xe7\x9b\x9b\xe9\xa1\xbf\xe6\x98\xaf\xe7\xbe\x8e\xe5\x9b\xbd\xe7\x9a\x84\xe9\

xa6\x96\xe9\x83\xbd'

Process finished with exit code 0

英文:

str='Washington is the capital of the United States'

print(str.encode('UTF-8'))

输出:

b'Washington is the capital of the United States'

Process finished with exit code 0

数字(用字符输入):

str='1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9'

print(str.encode('UTF-8'))

输出:

b'1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9'

Process finished with exit code 0

解码:

s=b'\xe5\x8d\x8e\xe7\x9b\x9b\xe9\xa1\xbf\xe6\x98\xaf\xe7\xbe\x8e\xe5\x9b\xbd\xe7\x9a\x84\xe9\xa6\x96\xe9\x83\xbd'

print(s.decode('utf-8'))

输出:

华盛顿是美国的首都

s=b'Washington is the capital of the United States'

print(s.decode('utf-8'))

输出:

Washington is the capital of the United States

s=b'1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9'

print(s.decode('utf-8'))

输出:

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9'

is 与 '='都是比较,is是比较相互之间的内存地址码,'='是比较相互直接的值.

1.查看内存地址:

s='华夏'

print(id(s))

输出(内存地址):

1325401036560

Process finished with exit code 0

s='China'

print(id(s))

输出(内存地址):

2563011936048

Process finished with exit code 0

2.比较

a='China'

b='China'

print(a is b)

输出:

True                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0

a='中国'

b='中国'

print(a is b)

输出:

True                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0

a=123

b=123

print(a is b)

输出:

True                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0


a=(1,2,3)

b=(1,2,3)

print(a is b)

输出:

True                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0

a=[1,2,3]

b=[1,2,3]

print(a is b)

输出:

False                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是不是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0

a={1,2,3}

b={1,2,3}

print(a is b)

输出:

False                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是不是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0

a = {'k1':'1234'}

b = {'k1':'1234'}

print(a is b)

输出:

False                                    #内存地址相同,a跟b是不是同一个字符

Process finished with exit code 0

#字符串 数字 元组中相互相同的元素,就是同一个字符,内存地址都是一样;集合 列表 字典中相互相同元素

但内存地址不一定相同.