安装Python3环境和pip3

weget 下载指定的Python版本

weget Index of /ftp/python/3.6.8/

 一、安装依赖

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

二、安装Python3

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/python3
[root@python3]# cd Python-3.6.7/
[root@Python-3.6.7]# ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations

[root@Python-3.6.7]# make && make install

 三、简历软连接

[root@localhost ~] ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
[root@localhost ~] ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

 四、异常 

问题一：安装时报错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'的解决办法

1、执行如下命令：

yum install libffi-devel 

2、从"./configure ..."重新安装

五、更新pip

当线上有pip和pip3 时

pip3 install --upgrade pip

python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

三、高版本centerOS安装高版本Python

下载指定python版本
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2rc2.tgz
解压
tar -zxvf Python-3.8.2rc2.tgz
cd Python-3.8.2
./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations
make && make install
报错
    zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available
    yum -y install zlib*
    重新编译安装

替换python3 版本
mv /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python36
mv /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip36
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
pip3 install --upgrade pip