tf.nn.conv2d()详解

tf.nn.conv2d是TensorFlow里面实现卷积的函数,参考文档对它的介绍并不是很详细,实际上这是搭建卷积神经网络比较核心的一个方法,非常重要。

tf.nn.conv2d(input, filter, strides, padding, use_cudnn_on_gpu=None, name=None)
除去name参数用以指定该操作的name,与方法有关的一共五个参数:

第一个参数input:指需要做卷积的输入图像,它要求是一个Tensor,具有[batch, in_height, in_width, in_channels]这样的shape ,具体含义是[训练时一个batch的图片数量, 图片高度, 图片宽度, 图像通道数],注意这是一个4维的Tensor,要求类型为float32和float64其中之一

第二个参数filter:相当于CNN中的卷积核,它要求是一个Tensor,具有[filter_height, filter_width, in_channels, out_channels]这样的shape,具体含义是[卷积核的高度,卷积核的宽度,图像通道数,卷积核个数],要求类型与参数input相同,有一个地方需要注意,第三维in_channels,就是参数input的第四维

第三个参数strides:卷积时在图像每一维的步长,这是一个一维的向量,长度4

第四个参数padding:string类型的量,只能是"SAME","VALID"其中之一,这个值决定了不同的卷积方式(后面会介绍)

第五个参数:use_cudnn_on_gpu:bool类型,是否

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tf.nn.conv2d is a function in TensorFlow that performs a 2D convolution operation on a given input tensor and a set of filters. It is typically used in deep learning models for image processing and computer vision tasks. The function takes several arguments, including the input tensor, the filter tensor, the strides for the convolution operation, and the padding scheme. The output of the convolution operation is a new tensor that represents the result of applying the filters to the input tensor. Here is an example usage of tf.nn.conv2d: ``` import tensorflow as tf # Define input and filter tensors input_tensor = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[None, 28, 28, 3]) filter_tensor = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([5, 5, 3, 32])) # Perform a 2D convolution operation with strides of 1 and padding of 'SAME' conv = tf.nn.conv2d(input_tensor, filter_tensor, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME') # Run the convolution operation within a TensorFlow session with tf.Session() as sess: sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer()) # Define a sample input tensor input_data = np.random.rand(1, 28, 28, 3) # Run the convolution operation on the input tensor conv_result = sess.run(conv, feed_dict={input_tensor: input_data}) ``` In this example, we define an input tensor with a shape of (None, 28, 28, 3), which represents a batch of 28x28 RGB images. We also define a filter tensor with a shape of (5, 5, 3, 32), which represents 32 5x5 filters that will be applied to the input tensor. We then call tf.nn.conv2d with the input and filter tensors, specifying a stride of 1 and a padding scheme of 'SAME'. This means that the output tensor will have the same spatial dimensions as the input tensor, and that the edges of the input tensor will be zero-padded to ensure that the filters can be applied to all pixels. Finally, we run the convolution operation within a TensorFlow session, providing a sample input tensor to test the operation. The resulting conv_result tensor will have a shape of (1, 28, 28, 32), representing a batch of 28x28 feature maps for each of the 32 filters applied to the input tensor.
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