java多态案例

• 多态是方法或对象具有多种形态，是面向对象的第三大特征。
• 多态的前提是两个对象（类）存在继承关系，多态是建立在封装和继承基础之上的。
• 对象的多态是多态的核心和重点

• 规则

• 一个对象的编译类型与运行类型可以不一致
• 编译类型在定义对象时，就确定了，不能改变，而运行类型是可以变化的
• 编译类型看定义对象时 = 号的左边，运行类型看 = 号的右边

  package polymorphismdemo;
  
  public class Animal {
      private String color;
      private int age;
      public Animal() {
      }
      public Animal(String color, int age) {
          this.color = color;
          this.age = age;
      }
      public String getColor() {
          return color;
      }
      public void setColor(String color) {
          this.color = color;
      }
      public int getAge() {
          return age;
      }
      public void setAge(int age) {
          this.age = age;
      }
      public void eat(String something){
          System.out.println("动物在吃"+something);
      }
  }
  public class Cat extends Animal {
      public Cat() {
      }
      public Cat(String color, int age) {
          super(color, age);
      }
      public void eat(String something){
          System.out.println("猫在吃"+something);
      }
  }
  public class Dog extends Animal {
      //构造方法：
      public Dog() {
      }
      public Dog(String color, int age) {
          super(color, age);
      }
      public void eat(String something){
          System.out.println("狗在吃"+something);
      }
  }

  package polymorphismdemo;
  
  public class Person {
      private String name;
      private int age;
  
      public Person() {
      }
      public Person(String name, int age) {
          this.name = name;
          this.age = age;
      }
      public String getName() {
          return name;
      }
      public void setName(String name) {
          this.name = name;
      }
      public int getAge() {
          return age;
      }
      public void setAge(int age) {
          this.age = age;
      }
  
      /*public void keepPet(Dog d,String something){
          System.out.println("年龄为"+getAge()+"岁的"+getName()+"养了一只"+d.getColor()+"色的"+d.getAge()+"岁的狗");
          System.out.println(d.getAge()+"岁的"+d.getColor()+"色的狗两只前脚死死地抱住"+something+"猛吃");
      }
      public void keepPet(Cat c,String something){
          System.out.println("年龄为"+getAge()+"岁"+getName()+"养了一只"+c.getColor()+"色的"+c.getAge()+"岁的猫");
          System.out.println(c.getAge()+"岁的"+c.getColor()+"颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃"+something);
      }*/
  
     public void keepPet(Animal a,String something){
         if(a instanceof Cat ) {
             Cat c=(Cat)a;
             System.out.println("年龄为" + getAge() + "岁" + getName() + "养了一只" + c.getColor() + "色的" + c.getAge() + "岁的猫");
             System.out.println(c.getAge() + "岁的" + c.getColor() + "颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃" + something);
         }else if(a instanceof Dog ){
             Dog d=(Dog)a;
             System.out.println("年龄为" + getAge() + "岁" + getName() + "养了一只" + d.getColor() + "色的" + d.getAge() + "岁的狗");
             System.out.println(d.getAge() + "岁的" + d.getColor() + "颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃" + something);
         }
     }
  }
  

  package polymorphismdemo;
  
  public class Test {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          Dog d=new Dog("黄",3);
          Cat c=new Cat("白",2);
  
          Person p=new Person("张三",33);
  
          p.keepPet(d,"骨头");
          p.keepPet(c,"鱼");
  
      }
  }