ubuntu下安装PostgreSQL详细教程及简单操作

1.创建源

# 1.创建源
#deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt$ cd sources.list.d/
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ ls
sogoupinyin.list
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ sudo touch pgdg.list
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ ls
pgdg.list  sogoupinyin.list
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ vim pgdg.list 
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ cat pgdg.list 
deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main

2.更新源

#2.更新源
#wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
#sudo apt-get update
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ cat pgdg.list 
deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
OK
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease                       
Hit:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease                                         
Hit:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease                                        
Get:4 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg InRelease [84.6 kB]                          
Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease           
Get:6 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main i386 Packages [197 kB]
Get:7 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 Packages [198 kB]                                                                                                                     
Fetched 480 kB in 37s (12.9 kB/s)                                                                                                                                                                          
Reading package lists... Done
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ 

3.安装

#3.安装
#sudo apt-get install postgresql
zhangyanfeng@ubuntu:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ sudo apt-get install postgresql
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-4.15.0-101 linux-headers-4.15.0-101-generic linux-image-4.15.0-101-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-101-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-101-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libpq-dev libpq5 pgdg-keyring postgresql-12 postgresql-client-12 postgresql-client-common postgresql-common sysstat
Suggested packages:
  postgresql-doc-12 postgresql-doc libjson-perl isag
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  pgdg-keyring postgresql postgresql-12 postgresql-client-12 postgresql-client-common postgresql-common sysstat
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libpq-dev libpq5
2 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 389 not upgraded.
Need to get 17.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 54.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 libpq-dev amd64 12.3-1.pgdg18.04+1 [138 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 sysstat amd64 11.6.1-1ubuntu0.1 [295 kB]
Get:3 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 libpq5 amd64 12.3-1.pgdg18.04+1 [173 kB]                                                                                              
Get:4 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 pgdg-keyring all 2018.2 [10.7 kB]                                                                                                     
Get:5 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 postgresql-client-common all 215.pgdg18.04+1 [87.4 kB]                                                                                
Get:6 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 postgresql-client-12 amd64 12.3-1.pgdg18.04+1 [1,413 kB]                                                                              
Get:7 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg/main amd64 postgresql-common all 215.pgdg18.04+1 [237 kB]                                                                                        
Get:8 http://apt.postgresql