STM32：I2C-OLED
前提摘要
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个人说明：
- 限于时间紧迫以及作者水平有限，本文错误、疏漏之处恐不在少数，恳请读者批评指正。意见请留言或者发送邮件至：“Email:noahpanzzz@gmail.com”。
- 本博客的工程文件均存放在：GitHub:https://github.com/panziping。
- 本博客的地址：CSDN:https://blog.csdn.net/ZipingPan。
-
参考：
- 正点原子
- 野火
- ST数据手册
正文
OLED即有机发光管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)。OLED显示技术具有自发光、广视角、几乎无穷高的对比度、较低功耗、极高反应速度、可用于绕曲性面板、使用温度范围广、构造及制程简单等有点，被认为是下一代的平面显示屏新兴应用技术。
OLED显示和传统的LCD显示不同，其可以自发光，所以不需要背光灯，这使得OLED显示屏相对于LCD显示屏尺寸更薄，同时显示效果更优。
常用的OLED屏幕有蓝色、黄色、白色等几种。屏的大小为0.96寸，像素点为128*64，所以我们称为0.96oled屏或者12864屏。
OLED屏幕参数
本篇使用的是中景园1.29寸OLED
- 像素数: 128 x 64
- 有效面积: 29.42 x 14.7 (mm)
- 驱动芯片：SSD1315
编程指南
本文参考了上文05-STM32F1 - 串行通信2-I2C（2），应用层程序中对IIC从设备进行连续读写。由于原厂提供了驱动程序，但是使用的软件IIC，所以对于底层的驱动有所改变，上层应用层的程序，并没有什么变化。
主要是修改了：
void BSP_OLED_Refresh(void); //刷新屏幕
void BSP_OLED_Clear(void); //清除屏幕
void BSP_OLED_ColorTurn(u8 i); //正反色显示
void BSP_OLED_DisplayTurn(u8 i); //正反转显示
void BSP_OLED_DisPlay_On(void); //开启显示
void BSP_OLED_DisPlay_Off(void); //关闭显示
void BSP_OLED_Init(void)； //OLED初始化
上述函数都操作了硬件IIC。
void OLED_DrawPoint(u8 x,u8 y,u8 t);
void OLED_DrawLine(u8 x1,u8 y1,u8 x2,u8 y2,u8 mode);
void OLED_DrawCircle(u8 x,u8 y,u8 r);
void OLED_ShowChar(u8 x,u8 y,char chr,u8 size1,u8 mode);
void OLED_ShowString(u8 x,u8 y,char *chr,u8 size1,u8 mode);
void OLED_ShowNum(u8 x,u8 y,u32 num,u8 len,u8 size1,u8 mode);
void OLED_ShowChinese(u8 x,u8 y,u8 num,u8 size1,u8 mode);
void OLED_ScrollDisplay(u8 num,u8 space,u8 mode);
void OLED_ShowPicture(u8 x,u8 y,u8 sizex,u8 sizey,u8 BMP[],u8 mode);
显存数组的操作都没有进行改动，依旧使用的是原厂的程序。
uint8_t OLED_GRAM[128][8]
具体代码参考如下：
#define BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7 0x78
#define OLED_CMD_Addr 0x00
#define OLED_DATA_Addr 0x40
uint8_t OLED_GRAM[128][8];
void BSP_OLED_Refresh(void) {
uint8_t i, n;
uint8_t OLED_Line[128];
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xb0 + i,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7,OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x00,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7,OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x10,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7,OLED_CMD_Addr);
for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)
OLED_Line[n] = OLED_GRAM[n][i];
BSP_I2C_KeepWrite(OLED_Line,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7,OLED_DATA_Addr, 128);
}
}
//清屏函数
void BSP_OLED_Clear(void) {
uint8_t i, n;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)
OLED_GRAM[n][i] = 0;//清除所有数据
BSP_OLED_Refresh();//更新显示
}
void BSP_OLED_ColorTurn(u8 i) {
if (i == 0)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA6,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//正常显示
if (i == 1)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA7,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//反色显示
}
void BSP_OLED_DisplayTurn(u8 i) {
if (i == 0) {
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xC8,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//正常显示
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA1,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
}
if (i == 1) {
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xC0,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//反转显示
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA0,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
}
}
void BSP_OLED_DisPlay_On(void) {
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x8D,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x14,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xAF, BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7,OLED_CMD_Addr);
}
void BSP_OLED_DisPlay_Off(void) {
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x8D,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x10,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xAE,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
}
void BSP_OLED_Init(void) {
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xAE,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--turn off oled panel
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x00,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//---set low column address
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x10,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//---set high column address
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x40,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set start line address Set Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x81,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set contrast control register
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xCF,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);// Set SEG Output Current Brightness
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA1,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping 0xa0左右反置 0xa1正常
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xC8,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction 0xc0上下反置 0xc8正常
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA6,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set normal display
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA8,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x3f,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--1/64 duty
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xD3,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//-set display offset Shift Mapping RAM Counter (0x00~0x3F)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x00,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//-not offset
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xd5,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x80,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xD9,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set pre-charge period
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xF1,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xDA,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set com pins hardware configuration
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x12,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xDB,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set vcomh
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x40,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//Set VCOM Deselect Level
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x20,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x02,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x8D,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0x14,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);//--set(0x10) disable
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA4,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xA6,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7, OLED_CMD_Addr);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7)
BSP_OLED_Clear();
BSP_I2C_WRByte(0xAF,BSP_OLED_ADDRESS7,OLED_CMD_Addr);
BSP_OLED_ColorTurn(0);
BSP_OLED_DisplayTurn(0);
}
//画点
//x:0~127
//y:0~63
//t:1 填充 0,清空
void OLED_DrawPoint(u8 x, u8 y, u8 t) {
u8 i, m, n;
i = y / 8;
m = y % 8;
n = 1 << m;
if (t) { OLED_GRAM[x][i] |= n; }
else {
OLED_GRAM[x][i] = ~OLED_GRAM[x][i];
OLED_GRAM[x][i] |= n;
OLED_GRAM[x][i] = ~OLED_GRAM[x][i];
}
}
//画线
//x1,y1:起点坐标
//x2,y2:结束坐标
void OLED_DrawLine(u8 x1, u8 y1, u8 x2, u8 y2, u8 mode) {
u16 t;
int xerr = 0, yerr = 0, delta_x, delta_y, distance;
int incx, incy, uRow, uCol;
delta_x = x2 - x1; //计算坐标增量
delta_y = y2 - y1;
uRow = x1;//画线起点坐标
uCol = y1;
if (delta_x > 0)incx = 1; //设置单步方向
else if (delta_x == 0)incx = 0;//垂直线
else {
incx = -1;
delta_x = -delta_x;
}
if (delta_y > 0)incy = 1;
else if (delta_y == 0)incy = 0;//水平线
else {
incy = -1;
delta_y = -delta_x;
}
if (delta_x > delta_y)distance = delta_x; //选取基本增量坐标轴
else distance = delta_y;
for (t = 0; t < distance + 1; t++) {
OLED_DrawPoint(uRow, uCol, mode);//画点
xerr += delta_x;
yerr += delta_y;
if (xerr > distance) {
xerr -= distance;
uRow += incx;
}
if (yerr > distance) {
yerr -= distance;
uCol += incy;
}
}
}
//x,y:圆心坐标
//r:圆的半径
void OLED_DrawCircle(u8 x, u8 y, u8 r) {
int a, b, num;
a = 0;
b = r;
while (2 * b * b >= r * r) {
OLED_DrawPoint(x + a, y - b, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x - a, y - b, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x - a, y + b, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x + a, y + b, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x + b, y + a, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x + b, y - a, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x - b, y - a, 1);
OLED_DrawPoint(x - b, y + a, 1);
a++;
num = (a * a + b * b) - r * r;//计算画的点离圆心的距离
if (num > 0) {
b--;
a--;
}
}
}
//在指定位置显示一个字符,包括部分字符
//x:0~127
//y:0~63
//size1:选择字体 6x8/6x12/8x16/12x24
//mode:0,反色显示;1,正常显示
void OLED_ShowChar(u8 x, u8 y, char chr, u8 size1, u8 mode) {
u8 i, m, temp, size2, chr1;
u8 x0 = x, y0 = y;
if (size1 == 8)size2 = 6;
else size2 = (size1 / 8 + ((size1 % 8) ? 1 : 0)) * (size1 / 2); //得到字体一个字符对应点阵集所占的字节数
chr1 = chr - ' '; //计算偏移后的值
for (i = 0; i < size2; i++) {
if (size1 == 8) { temp = asc2_0806[chr1][i]; } //调用0806字体
else if (size1 == 12) { temp = asc2_1206[chr1][i]; } //调用1206字体
else if (size1 == 16) { temp = asc2_1608[chr1][i]; } //调用1608字体
else if (size1 == 24) { temp = asc2_2412[chr1][i]; } //调用2412字体
else return;
for (m = 0; m < 8; m++) {
if (temp & 0x01)OLED_DrawPoint(x, y, mode);
else OLED_DrawPoint(x, y, !mode);
temp >>= 1;
y++;
}
x++;
if ((size1 != 8) && ((x - x0) == size1 / 2)) {
x = x0;
y0 = y0 + 8;
}
y = y0;
}
}
//显示字符串
//x,y:起点坐标
//size1:字体大小
//*chr:字符串起始地址
//mode:0,反色显示;1,正常显示
void OLED_ShowString(u8 x, u8 y, char *chr, u8 size1, u8 mode) {
while ((*chr >= ' ') && (*chr <= '~'))//判断是不是非法字符!
{
OLED_ShowChar(x, y, *chr, size1, mode);
if (size1 == 8)x += 6;
else x += size1 / 2;
chr++;
}
}
//m^n
u32 OLED_Pow(u8 m, u8 n) {
u32 result = 1;
while (n--) {
result *= m;
}
return result;
}
//显示数字
//x,y :起点坐标
//num :要显示的数字
//len :数字的位数
//size:字体大小
//mode:0,反色显示;1,正常显示
void OLED_ShowNum(u8 x, u8 y, u32 num, u8 len, u8 size1, u8 mode) {
u8 t, temp, m = 0;
if (size1 == 8)m = 2;
for (t = 0; t < len; t++) {
temp = (num / OLED_Pow(10, len - t - 1)) % 10;
if (temp == 0) {
OLED_ShowChar(x + (size1 / 2 + m) * t, y, '0', size1, mode);
//OLED_ShowChar(x + (size1 / 2 + m) * t, y, ' ', size1, mode);
} else {
OLED_ShowChar(x + (size1 / 2 + m) * t, y, temp + '0', size1, mode);
}
}
}
//显示汉字
//x,y:起点坐标
//num:汉字对应的序号
//mode:0,反色显示;1,正常显示
void OLED_ShowChinese(u8 x, u8 y, u8 num, u8 size1, u8 mode) {
u8 m, temp;
u8 x0 = x, y0 = y;
u16 i, size3 = (size1 / 8 + ((size1 % 8) ? 1 : 0)) * size1; //得到字体一个字符对应点阵集所占的字节数
for (i = 0; i < size3; i++) {
if (size1 == 16) { temp = Hzk1[num][i]; }//调用16*16字体
else if (size1 == 24) { temp = Hzk2[num][i]; }//调用24*24字体
else if (size1 == 32) { temp = Hzk3[num][i]; }//调用32*32字体
else if (size1 == 64) { temp = Hzk4[num][i]; }//调用64*64字体
else return;
for (m = 0; m < 8; m++) {
if (temp & 0x01)OLED_DrawPoint(x, y, mode);
else OLED_DrawPoint(x, y, !mode);
temp >>= 1;
y++;
}
x++;
if ((x - x0) == size1) {
x = x0;
y0 = y0 + 8;
}
y = y0;
}
}
//num 显示汉字的个数
//space 每一遍显示的间隔
//mode:0,反色显示;1,正常显示
void OLED_ScrollDisplay(u8 num, u8 space, u8 mode) {
u8 i, n, t = 0, m = 0, r;
while (1) {
if (m == 0) {
OLED_ShowChinese(128, 24, t, 16, mode); //写入一个汉字保存在OLED_GRAM[][]数组中
t++;
}
if (t == num) {
for (r = 0; r < 16 * space; r++) //显示间隔
{
for (i = 1; i < 144; i++) {
for (n = 0; n < 8; n++) {
OLED_GRAM[i - 1][n] = OLED_GRAM[i][n];
}
}
BSP_OLED_Refresh();
}
t = 0;
}
m++;
if (m == 16) { m = 0; }
for (i = 1; i < 144; i++) //实现左移
{
for (n = 0; n < 8; n++) {
OLED_GRAM[i - 1][n] = OLED_GRAM[i][n];
}
}
BSP_OLED_Refresh();
}
}
//x,y：起点坐标
//sizex,sizey,图片长宽
//BMP[]：要写入的图片数组
//mode:0,反色显示;1,正常显示
void OLED_ShowPicture(u8 x, u8 y, u8 sizex, u8 sizey, u8 BMP[], u8 mode) {
u16 j = 0;
u8 i, n, temp, m;
u8 x0 = x, y0 = y;
sizey = sizey / 8 + ((sizey % 8) ? 1 : 0);
for (n = 0; n < sizey; n++) {
for (i = 0; i < sizex; i++) {
temp = BMP[j];
j++;
for (m = 0; m < 8; m++) {
if (temp & 0x01)OLED_DrawPoint(x, y, mode);
else OLED_DrawPoint(x, y, !mode);
temp >>= 1;
y++;
}
x++;
if ((x - x0) == sizex) {
x = x0;
y0 = y0 + 8;
}
y = y0;
}
}
}
总结
本文均为原创，欢迎转载，请注明文章出处：CSDN:https://blog.csdn.net/ZipingPan/ARM。百度和各类采集站皆不可信，搜索请谨慎鉴别。技术类文章一般都有时效性，本人习惯不定期对自己的博文进行修正和更新，因此请访问出处以查看本文的最新版本。
非原创博客会在文末标注出处，由于时效原因，可能并不是原创作者地址（已经无法溯源）。
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