接口之POST和GET请求

接口调用方式最常见的就是webservice，post，get。今天我学习了一下发送post和get请求的方式：

话不多说，直接上代码，一个通用的方法：

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


public class UrlUtils {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UrlUtils.class);
    /**

     * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求

     * @param url   发送请求的URL

     * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。

     * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果

     */

    public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {

        String result = "";

        BufferedReader in = null;

        try {

            String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;

            URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);

            // 打开和URL之间的连接

            URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();

            // 设置通用的请求属性

            connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

            connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

            connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",

                    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

            // 建立实际的连接

            connection.connect();

            // 获取所有响应头字段

            Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();

            // 遍历所有的响应头字段

//            for (String key : map.keySet()) {

//                System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));

//            }

            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(

                    connection.getInputStream()));

            String line;

            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {

                result += line;

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            log.error("发送GET请求出现异常！" + e);

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        // 使用finally块来关闭输入流

        finally {

            try {

                if (in != null) {

                    in.close();

                }

            } catch (Exception e2) {

                e2.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

        return result;

    }

 

    /**

     * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求

     * @param url      发送请求的 URL

     * @param paramMap 请求参数

     * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果

     */

    public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, ?> paramMap) {

        PrintWriter out = null;

        BufferedReader in = null;

        String result = "";

        String param = "";

        Iterator<String> it = paramMap.keySet().iterator();

        while (it.hasNext()) {

            String key = it.next();

            param += key + "=" + paramMap.get(key) + "&";

        }

        try {

            URL realUrl = new URL(url);

            // 打开和URL之间的连接

            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();

            // 设置通用的请求属性

            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

            conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");

            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

            // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行

            conn.setDoOutput(true);

            conn.setDoInput(true);

            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流

            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());

            // 发送请求参数

            out.print(param);

            // flush输出流的缓冲

            out.flush();

            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));

            String line;

            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {

                result += line;

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);

        }

        //使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流

        finally {

            try {

                if (out != null) {

                    out.close();

                }

                if (in != null) {

                    in.close();

                }

            } catch (IOException ex) {

                ex.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

        return result;

    }

 

}

上面的是通用的发送请求，但是有的访问需要登陆验证才可以访问，所以还要加上cookie才可以成功

package com.els.util;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Properties;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.els.common.SysProperties;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * @author 小白
 */
public class HttpPostRequestRaw {
//	public static void main(String[] args) {
//		String postData = "{\"data\":[{\"docno\":\"QX20177248\"},{\"docno\":\"QX20177202\"}]}";
//		String postUrl = "http://srm.skyworth-qx.com:998/api/cwapi/changeVoucherStatus?voucherType=po";
//		String ss = sendPostJsonType(postData,postUrl);
//		System.out.println(ss);
//	}

	public static String sendPostJsonType(String postData, String postUrl) {
		// 调用该方法返回的值
		JSONObject jsbRetrun = new JSONObject();
		BufferedReader in = null;
		OutputStreamWriter out = null;
		HttpURLConnection conn = null;
		try {
			// 发送POST请求
			URL url = new URL(postUrl);
			conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
			conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
			conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
			conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
			conn.setUseCaches(false);
			conn.setDoOutput(true);
			conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "" + postData.length());
			out = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");
			out.write(postData);
			out.flush();
			// 获取响应状态
			if (conn.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
				System.out.println("connect failed!");
				return "";
			}
			// 获取响应内容体
			String line;
			StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
			in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
			while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
				result.append(line);
			}
			jsbRetrun.put("state", "S");
			// {"state":"S","remark":"","returnData":{}}
			jsbRetrun.put("remark", "接口数据交互请求成功");
			jsbRetrun.put("returnData", result.toString());
			return jsbRetrun.toJSONString();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace(System.out);
			jsbRetrun.put("state", "E");
			// {"state":"E","remark":"错误信息","returnData":{}}
			jsbRetrun.put("remark", e.getMessage());
			return jsbRetrun.toJSONString();
		}finally {
			try {
				if (out != null) {
					out.close();
				}
				if (in != null) {
					in.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				jsbRetrun.put("state", "E");
				// {"state":"E","remark":"错误信息","returnData":{}}
				jsbRetrun.put("remark", e.getMessage());
				return jsbRetrun.toJSONString();
			}
		}
	}

	public static String connectToK3(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, String url, String requestData){
		String result = null;
		try {
			//读取配置文件
			Properties config = SysProperties.INSTANCE.getProperties("sysconfig.properties");
			//仕瑞达登录接口
			String loginUrl = config.getProperty("srd.post.loginIp");
			//post请求
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(loginUrl);
			//用户名
			String username = config.getProperty("srd.post.userName");
			//密码
			String password = config.getProperty("srd.post.password");
			org.json.JSONObject json = new org.json.JSONObject();
			json.put("username", username);
			json.put("password", password);
			String j = json.toString();

			//json请求设置
			httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
			httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
			httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(j, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
			//请求登录接口
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			//获取cookie
			org.apache.http.Header setCookie = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("Set-Cookie");
			String cookie = setCookie + ";domain=47.106.70.53;Expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT;";
			cookie = cookie.substring(12);
			System.out.println(cookie);
			//获取登录状态
			StatusLine statusLine = httpResponse.getStatusLine();
			int status = statusLine.getStatusCode();
			//登陆成功之后
			if (200 == status) {
				//仕瑞达获取数据接口
				String posturl = url;
				HttpPost httpPost1 = new HttpPost(posturl);
				//设置请求头
				httpPost1.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
				httpPost1.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
				httpPost1.setHeader("Cookies", cookie);
				httpPost1.setEntity(new StringEntity(requestData, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
				//请求仕瑞达获取数据接口
				HttpResponse httpResponsee = httpClient.execute(httpPost1);
				result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponsee.getEntity(), "utf-8");
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			// 关闭连接,释放资源
			httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
		}
		return result;
	}

}