itk、OpenCV 图像的几种预处理方法(直方图均衡化、中值滤波、Laplacian边缘提取)及自己的理解

1、直方图均衡化

把集中分布的像素范围扩大，使像素分布更加均衡，起到增强的作用。至itk5没有现成函数，以下是实现代码：

void image_enhance_grayhis(InternalImageType::Pointer image, InternalImageType::Pointer OriImage)
{
	
	int width = image->GetLargestPossibleRegion().GetSize()[0];
	int heigth = image->GetLargestPossibleRegion().GetSize()[1];

	unsigned int his[256] = { 0 };
	float p_hist[256] = { 0 };
	float s_hist[256] = { 0 };
	float total = width * heigth;

	for (int i = 0; i < width; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < heigth; j++)
		{

			int nPixel = fPixel;
			if (nPixel < 0)
				nPixel = 0;
			else if (nPixel > 255)
				nPixel = 255;
			his[nPixel]++;
		}
	}
		
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		p_hist[i] = (float)his[i] / total;
		if (i == 0)s_hist[i] = p_hist[i];
		else s_hist[i] = s_hist[i - 1] + p_hist[i];
	}

	InternalImageType::IndexType pixelIndex;
	float