QT 儿子教学笔记-CSV

1 Qt中QString的比较

QString::compare("ab","ab");  //值为0；
QString::compare（“ab”，“df");  //值为<0;
QString::compare("df","ab");         //值为>0

2  Qt导出CSV中文乱码？

解决方案：加入编码设置即可。

改前（没有编码设置）：

QFile file(fileName);
file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text);
QTextStream in(&file);
in << m_csvStr;
file.close();

 改后：

QFile file(fileName);
file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text);

QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");	//设置为ANSI编码
QTextStream in(&file);
in.setCodec(codec);
in << m_csvStr;
file.close();

3 读取CSV 或文件的时候中文乱码？

void Widget::readFromFile()
{
    //指定为GBK
    QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
 
    //打开文件
    QFile file("1.txt");
 
    //如果打开文件失败,直接退出
    if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly|QIODevice::Text))
        return;
 
    //当未到达文件结束位置
    while(!file.atEnd())
    {
         //读取一行文本数据
         QByteArray line = file.readLine();
         //将读取到的行数据转换为Unicode
         QString str = codec->toUnicode(line);
         //将得到的字符设置到编辑框中显示， 主要是这里进行编码转换
         ui->edit->append(str);
     }
}

4 读取CSV

csvclass.h

#ifndef CSVCLASS_H
#define CSVCLASS_H
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>

class CsvClass
{
public:
    CsvClass();
    QList<QStringList> ReadFromCSV(QString PathName);
    void SaveToCSV(QList<QStringList> CsvList,QString PathName);
};

#endif // CSVCLASS_H

csvclass.cpp

#include "csvclass.h"
#include <QTextCodec>
CsvClass::CsvClass()
{
    qDebug()<<"This is CSV exapmle!\n";
}

QList<QStringList> CsvClass::ReadFromCSV(QString PathName)
{
    QList<QStringList> retList;
    qDebug().noquote()<<"Original CSV name:"<<PathName.toStdString().c_str();
    //指定为GBK
    QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");  //hwm add
    QFile file(PathName);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
        return retList;
    while (!file.atEnd()) {
//QByteArray line = file.readLine();
        //QString line = file.readLine();   //hwm del
        QString line = codec->toUnicode(file.readLine());//hwm add

        line.replace('\n',"");//delete \n symbol
        QStringList lineList = line.split(',');
        retList.append(lineList);
        qDebug().noquote()<<lineList;
    }
    file.close();
    return retList;
}

void CsvClass::SaveToCSV(QList<QStringList> CsvList,QString PathName)
{
    qDebug().noquote()<<"\nDestination CSV name:"<<PathName;
    for(int i=0;i<CsvList.size();i++)
    {
        QString tmpStr;
        QStringList strList = CsvList.at(i);
        for(int j=0;j<strList.size();j++){
            tmpStr.append(strList.at(j));
            if(j<(strList.size()-1)){
                tmpStr.append(',');
            }else{
                tmpStr.append('\n');
            }
        }
        qDebug().noquote()<<i<<'\t'<<tmpStr;
        QFile file(PathName);
        if(!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly| QIODevice::Text | QIODevice::Append)){
            qDebug()<<"Open "<<PathName<<" Error!";
            return;
        }else{
            QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");	//设置为ANSI编码  hwm add
            QTextStream in(&file);
            in.setCodec(codec);//hwm add
            in<<tmpStr;
            file.close();
        }
    }
}

使用的时候可以在mainwindow中或者在代码区都可以

CsvClass *CsvObj = new CsvClass();
QList<QStringList> retList = CsvObj->ReadFromCSV("Data_temp.csv");
CsvObj->SaveToCSV(retList,"Data_w_temp.csv");//测试使用

我的mainwin下是这样：

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include "chinamapwidget.h"
#include "csvclass.h"
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTextToSpeech>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow {
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
    ChinaMapWidget* chinaMapWidget;
    CsvClass *CsvObj;
    QList<QStringList> retList;

    QTextToSpeech* tts;

public slots:
    void PrintText(QByteArray);//定义槽函数

private slots:
    void on_pushButton_tts_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_tts_start_clicked();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow* ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

...
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget* parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    chinaMapWidget = new ChinaMapWidget(this);
    //setCentralWidget(chinaMapWidget);
    chinaMapWidget->setGeometry(QRect(0, 0, 580, 480));
    chinaMapWidget->show();
    //ui->widget_map->
    chinaMapWidget->loadJson(QApplication::applicationDirPath() + "/datas.json");


    connect(chinaMapWidget, SIGNAL(showResult(QByteArray)), this, SLOT(PrintText(QByteArray)), Qt::QueuedConnection);




    CsvObj = new CsvClass();
    retList = CsvObj->ReadFromCSV("China_province.csv");
    CsvObj->SaveToCSV(retList,"Data_w.csv");

    // 创建TTS语音对象（尽量用new创建）
    tts= new QTextToSpeech(this);
    // 发出声音
    tts->say("你好！欢迎使用全国地理信息学习系统");



}
...