在kotlin中使用room(Room Persistence Library)和遇到的坑

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-02 09:53:44 发布

JokAr-

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-02 09:53:44 发布

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分类专栏： android kotlin 文章标签： kotlin room

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a1018875550/article/details/74034056

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有关room介绍请看这里

下面进入正题，如何在kotlin中使用room;大致与java还是一样的，但是会有几处坑会在文中说道;在文尾会总结

第一步一定要在app 目录下的 builde.gradle加入下面这个插件

apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'

//使用生成文件
kapt {
    generateStubs = true
}

1.创建Entity

@Entity(tableName = "story")
@TypeConverters(Converters::class)
data class StoryEntity constructor(
        @PrimaryKey
        @SerializedName("id") var id: Int) {

    constructor() : this(0)

    @ColumnInfo(name = "images")
    @SerializedName("images") var images: Array<String>? = null

    @ColumnInfo(name = "title")
    @SerializedName("title") var title: String? = null

    @ColumnInfo(name = "date")
    var date: Long = 0

    @ColumnInfo(name = "read")
    var read: Int = 0

    @ColumnInfo(name = "like")
    var like: Int = 0

    @ColumnInfo(name = "collection")
    var collection: Int = 0

    /**
     * HTML-Body
     */
    @ColumnInfo(name = "body")
    var body: String? = null

    /**
     * 图片作者
     */
    @ColumnInfo(name = "image_source")
    var image_source: String? = null

    /**
     * 详情头部image
     */
    @ColumnInfo(name = "image")
    var image: String? = null

    /**
     * 时间-文字
     */
    @ColumnInfo(name = "date_string")
    var dateString: String = ""

    override fun toString(): String {
        return "StoryEntity(id=$id, images=${Arrays.toString(images)}," +
                " title=$title," +
                " date=$date," +
                " read=$read," +
                " like=$like," +
                " collection=$collection," +
                " body=$body," +
                " image_source=$image_source," +
                " image=$image," +
                " dateString='$dateString')"
    }
}

* 这里会遇到【坑1】 Entity类需要定义一个空构造函数

因为sql中不能插入数组这样类型数据，就需要使用到了类型转换器了,这里使用了TypeConverters；
关于写类型转换器类会与java不同

/**
 * Created by JokAr on 2017/6/30.
 */
class Converters {
    @TypeConverter
    open fun arrayToString(array: Array<String>): String {
        if (array == null || array.size === 0) {
            return ""
        }

        val builder = StringBuilder(array[0])
        for (i in 1..array.size - 1) {
            builder.append(",").append(array[i])
        }
        return builder.toString()
    }

    @TypeConverter
    open fun StringToArray(value: String): Array<String>? {
        return if (TextUtils.isEmpty(value)) null else value.split(",").toTypedArray()

    }
}

这里会遇到【坑2】，看教程里类型转换器是使用的静态方法的，但是在ktolin若你想使用object 类是不行的，使用普通的class类就可以了；否则生成文件里会报错

2.创建Dao

/**
 * Created by JokAr on 2017/6/30.
 */
@Dao
interface StoryDao {

    /**
     * 插入story
     */
    @Insert
    fun insert(stories: ArrayList<StoryEntity>)

    /**
     * 根据时间获取story
     */
    @Query("SELECT * FROM story WHERE date = :date ")
    fun getStoryByDate(date: Long): List<StoryEntity>

    /**
     * 获取所有收藏的story
     */
    @Query("SELECT * FROM story WHERE collection = 1 ")
    fun getAllCollectedStory(): List<StoryEntity>

    /**
     * 更新story
     */
    @Update
    fun updateStory(story: StoryEntity)

    /**
     * 根据id获取story
     */
    @Query("SELECT * FROM story where id = :id ")
    fun selectStory(id: Int): StoryEntity
}

这里会遇到【坑3】, 方法返回类型不能用ArrayList 他会识别不了，用List就好了
补充一个这里会遇到【坑4】: insert 的返回值不能是 Long _impl 生成的是 long 和 kotlin 的Long 类型对不上，可以用 List 解决这种尴尬；
“`
fun insertEntity(vararg entity: UserDBEntity): List

“`

3.创建Database

@Database(entities = arrayOf(StoryEntity::class,
        TopStoryEntity::class), version = 1)
abstract class AppDataBase : RoomDatabase() {

    abstract fun storyDao(): StoryDao
}

4.创建单例模式使用

class AppDataBaseHelper constructor(context: Context) {

    val appDataBase = Room.databaseBuilder(context, AppDataBase::class.java,
            "daily").build()!!

    companion object {
        @Volatile
        var INSTANCE: AppDataBaseHelper? = null

        fun getInstance(context: Context): AppDataBaseHelper {
            if (INSTANCE == null) {
                synchronized(AppDataBaseHelper::class) {
                    if (INSTANCE == null) {
                        INSTANCE = AppDataBaseHelper(context.applicationContext)
                    }
                }
            }
            return INSTANCE!!
        }
    }

    /**
     * 插入topStory
     */
    fun insertTopStory(topStories: ArrayList<TopStoryEntity>) {
        appDataBase.topStoryDao().insert(topStories)
    }

    /**
     * 根据时间获取story
     */
    fun getStoryByDate(date: Long): ArrayList<StoryEntity> {
        return appDataBase.storyDao().getStoryByDate(date) as ArrayList<StoryEntity>
    }

    /**
     * 根据id获取story
     */
    fun getStory(id: Int): StoryEntity{
        return appDataBase.storyDao().selectStory(id)
    }

    /**
     * 更新story;必须在非主线程中进行
     */
    fun updateStory(story: StoryEntity) {
        appDataBase.storyDao().updateStory(story)
    }
}