8.Java设计模式之过滤器模式

过滤器模式（Filter Pattern）或标准模式（Criteria Pattern）是一种设计模式，这种模式允许开发人员使用不同的标准来过滤一组对象，通过逻辑运算以解耦的方式把它们连接起来。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式，它结合多个标准来获得单一标准。

实现

我们将创建一个 Person 对象、Criteria 接口和实现了该接口的实体类，来过滤 Person 对象的列表。CriteriaPatternDemo 类使用 Criteria 对象，基于各种标准和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。

结构图:

Person.java

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private String maritalStatus;

    public Person(String name, String gender, String maritalStatus) {
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public String getMaritalStatus() {
        return maritalStatus;
    }
}

Criteria.java

import java.util.List;

public interface Criteria {
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);
}

AndCriteria.java

import java.util.List;

public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {
    private Criteria criteria;
    private Criteria otherCriteria;

    public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
        this.criteria = criteria;
        this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> people = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
        return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(people);
    }
}

CriteriaFemale.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {
    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        return Optional.ofNullable(persons)
                .orElse(new ArrayList<>())
                .stream().filter(person -> person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE"))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
}

CriteriaMale.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {
    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        return Optional.ofNullable(persons)
                .orElse(new ArrayList<>())
                .stream()
                .filter(person -> person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE"))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
}

CriteriaSingle.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {
    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        return Optional.ofNullable(persons)
                .orElse(new ArrayList<>())
                .stream()
                .filter(person -> person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE"))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
}

OrCriteria.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {
    private Criteria criteria;
    private Criteria otherCriteria;

    public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
        this.criteria = criteria;
        this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> people = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
        List<Person> people1 = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(people);
        people1.forEach(e->{
            if(!people.contains(e)) {
                people.add(e);
            }
        });
        return people;
    }
}

CriteriaPatternDemo.java

 
public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
 
      persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
      persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
      persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
      persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
      persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
      persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));
 
      Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
      Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
      Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
      Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
      Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);
 
      System.out.println("Males: ");
      printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));
 
      System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
      printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));
 
      System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
      printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));
 
      System.out.println("\nSingle Or Females: ");
      printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
   }
 
   public static void printPersons(List<Person> persons){
      for (Person person : persons) {
         System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName() 
            +", Gender : " + person.getGender() 
            +", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus()
            +" ]");
      }
   }      
}

运行结果：