1、前台jsp
1.1、jsp代码
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 15594
Date: 2021/6/14
Time: 12:14
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>${message}</h2>
<form action="fileUploadServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="text" name="user" >
<input type="file" name="fileImg">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.2、解释form
1、要有一个form标签,method=post请求
(因为post请求不限制请求大小,get请求大小受限制)
2、form标签的encType属性值必须为multipart/form-data值
(encType表示提交的数据类型,multipart/form-data表示分段请求)
3、在form标签中使用input type=file添加上传的文件
(表示上传的表单类型是文件类型)
2、后台Servlet接受数据
2.1、需要导入两个jar包
2.2、查看前台传过来的数据
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet(name = "FileUploadServlet",urlPatterns = "/fileUploadServlet")
public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// System.out.println("执行了");
// 这里不能使用传统的 request.getParameter() 获取,因为请求类型已近改变了
// 这里需要使用流获取request.getInputStream();
ServletInputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[102400];
int read = inputStream.read(buffer);
System.out.println(new String(buffer,0,read));
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
}
运行结果
2.3、处理前台传过来的数据(这里使用别人写好的jar,进行处理)
**
导入这两个jar包,百度就有。可以去菜鸟教程下载,jar包在菜鸟教程里面有链接
commons-fileupload-1.3.2.jar (依赖于io流)
commons-io-2.5.jar
**
2.4、使用fileupload的代码
package com.lihua.login.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
@WebServlet(name = "FileUploadServlet",urlPatterns = "/fileUploadServlet")
public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// 上传文件存储目录
private static final String UPLOAD_DIRECTORY = "upload";
// 上传配置
private static final int MEMORY_THRESHOLD = 1024 * 1024 * 3; // 3MB
private static final int MAX_FILE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 40; // 40MB
private static final int MAX_REQUEST_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 50; // 50MB
/**
* 上传数据及保存文件
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 检测是否为多媒体上传, 判断上传的数据是否是多段数据,多段才是上传文件
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {
// 如果不是则停止
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
writer.println("Error: 表单必须包含 enctype=multipart/form-data");
writer.flush();
return;
}
// 下面的步骤是固定的
// 配置上传参数
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 设置内存临界值 - 超过后将产生临时文件并存储于临时目录中
factory.setSizeThreshold(MEMORY_THRESHOLD);
// 设置临时存储目录
factory.setRepository(new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")));
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 设置最大文件上传值
upload.setFileSizeMax(MAX_FILE_SIZE);
// 设置最大请求值 (包含文件和表单数据)
upload.setSizeMax(MAX_REQUEST_SIZE);
// 中文处理
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
// 构造临时路径来存储上传的文件
// 这个路径相对当前应用的目录, File.separator相当与'/'
String uploadPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + UPLOAD_DIRECTORY;
System.out.println(request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/"));
System.out.println(uploadPath);
// 如果目录不存在则创建
File uploadDir = new File(uploadPath);
if (!uploadDir.exists()) {
uploadDir.mkdir();
}
try {
// 解析请求的内容提取文件数据
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<FileItem> formItems = upload.parseRequest(request); // 解析上传的数据,得到每一个表单项 ,因为前台返回的数据不只有一个,他们是分段的
if (formItems != null && formItems.size() > 0) {
// 迭代表单数据
for (FileItem item : formItems) {
// 处理不在表单中的字段
if (!item.isFormField()) { //文件类型
System.out.println("表单name属性值"+item.getFieldName());
// 解决乱码问题
System.out.println("上传的文件名"+item.getName());
String fileName = new File(item.getName()).getName();
String nowTime = String.valueOf(new Date().getTime()); // 获取当前时间,防止重名覆盖
System.out.println("当前时间的时间戳:"+nowTime);
String filePath = uploadPath + File.separator +nowTime +fileName;
File storeFile = new File(filePath);
// 在控制台输出文件的上传路径
System.out.println("路径:"+filePath);
// 保存文件到硬盘
item.write(storeFile);
request.setAttribute("message",
"文件上传成功!");
}else {
// 普通类型
//普通表单项
System.out.println("表单name属性值"+item.getFieldName());
// 解决乱码问题
System.out.println("表单value属性值"+item.getString("UTF-8"));
}
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
request.setAttribute("message",
"错误信息: " + ex.getMessage());
}
// 跳转到 message.jsp
request.getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/test.jsp").forward(
request, response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
}
2.5、结果截图