javascript常用函数大全 + javascript事半功倍/速成系列 + javascript技巧

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qy1387/article/details/7796981

创建脚本块

<script language="JavaScript">    
    JavaScript code goes here    
</script>

隐藏脚本代码

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
document.write(“Hello”);    
// –>    
</script>

在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码

浏览器不支持的时候显示

<noscript>    
    Hello to the non-JavaScript browser.    
</noscript>

链接外部脚本文件

<script language=”JavaScript” src="/”filename.js"”></script>

注释脚本

 // This is a comment    
 document.write(“Hello”); // This is a comment    
 /*   
 All of this   
 is a comment   
 */

输出到浏览器

document.write(“Hello”);

定义变量

var myVariable = “some value”;

字符串相加

var myString = “String1” + “String2”;

字符串搜索

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
var myVariable = “Hello there”;    
var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”);    
document.write(therePlace);    
// –>    
</script>

字符串替换

thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”);

格式化字串

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
var myVariable = “Hello there”;    
document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>”);    
document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>”);    
var firstString = “My String”;    
var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);    
// –>    
</script>

创建数组

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
var myArray = new Array(5);    
myArray[0] = “First Entry”;    
myArray[1] = “Second Entry”;    
myArray[2] = “Third Entry”;    
myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”;    
myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”;    
var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”);    
// –>    
</script>

数组排序

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
var myArray = new Array(5);    
myArray[0] = “z”;    
myArray[1] = “c”;    
myArray[2] = “d”;    
myArray[3] = “a”;    
myArray[4] = “q”;    
document.write(myArray.sort());    
// –>    
</script>

分割字符串

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”;    
var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”);    
document.write(stringArray[0]);    
document.write(stringArray[1]);    
document.write(stringArray[2]);    
document.write(stringArray[3]);    
// –>    
</script>

弹出警告信息

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
window.alert(“Hello”);    
// –>    
</script>

弹出确认框

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”); 
// –>    
</script>

定义函数

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
<!–    
function multiple(number1,number2) {    
var result = number1 * number2;    
return result;    
}    
// –>    
</script>

调用JS函数

<a href=”#” onClick=”functionName()”>Link text</a>    
<a href="/”javascript:functionName"()”>Link text</a>

在页面加载完成后执行函数

<body onLoad=”functionName();”>    
Body of the page    
</body>

条件判断

<script>    
<!–    
var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”);
var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”;
document.write(result);    
// –>    
</script>

指定次数循环

<script>    
<!–    
var myArray = new Array(3);    
myArray[0] = “Item 0”;    
myArray[1] = “Item 1”;    
myArray[2] = “Item 2”;    
for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {    
    document.write(myArray[i] + “<br>”);    
}    
// –>    
</script>

设定将来执行

<script>    
<!–    
function hello() {    
    window.alert(“Hello”);    
}    
window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);    
// –>    
</script>

定时执行函数

<script>    
<!–    
function hello() {    
    window.alert(“Hello”);    
    window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);    
}    
window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);    
// –>    
</script>

取消定时执行

<script>    
<!–    
function hello() {    
    window.alert(“Hello”);    
}    
var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);    
window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);    
// –>    
</script>

在页面卸载时候执行函数

<body onUnload=”functionName();”>    
Body of the page    
</body>

访问document对象

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var myURL = document.URL;    
window.alert(myURL);    
</script>

动态输出HTML

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>”);    
document.write(“<ul>”);    
document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>”);    
document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>”);    
document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>”); 
document.write(“</ul>”);    
</script>

输出换行

document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);    
document.writeln(“b”);

输出日期

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var thisDate = new Date();    
document.write(thisDate.toString());    
</script>

指定日期的时区

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var myOffset = -2;    
var currentDate = new Date();    
var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60; 
var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;    
currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);    
document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());    
</script>

设置日期输出格式

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var thisDate = new Date();    
var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes();    
var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();    
document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);
</script>

读取URL参数

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”);    
var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&”);    
for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {    
var pairParts = parameterParts[i].split(“=”);    
var pairName = pairParts[0];    
var pairValue = pairParts[1];    
document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );    
}    
</script>

打开一个新的document对象

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
function newDocument() {    
document.open();    
document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>”);    
document.close();    
}    
</script>

页面跳转

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
window.location = “http://www.velee.cn”;    
</script>

添加网页加载进度窗口

<html>
<head>
    <script language='javaScript'>    
        var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');    
    </script>
    <title>The Main Page</title>
</head>
<body onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>
<p>This is the main page</p>
</body>
</html>

动态加载图像

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
myImage = new Image;    
myImage.src = “Tellers1.jpg”;    
</script>

随机显示图像

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var imageList = new Array;    
imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”;    
imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”;    
imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”;    
imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”;    
var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);    
document.write(‘<img src=”’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“>’);    
</script>

函数实现的图像替换

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var source = 0;    
var replacement = 1;    
function createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) {    
    var imageArray = new Array;    
    imageArray[source] = new Image;    
    imageArray[source].src = originalImage;    
    imageArray[replacement] = new Image;    
    imageArray[replacement].src = replacementImage;    
    return imageArray;
}    
var rollImage1 = createRollOver(“image1.jpg”,”rollImage1.jpg”);    
</script>
<a href=”#” onMouseOver=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[replacement].src;”
        onMouseOut=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[source].src;”>
<img src="/”image1.jpg" ” width=100 name=”myImage1” border=0>
</a>

创建幻灯片

<script language=”JavaScript”>
var imageList = new Array;
imageList[0] = new Image;
imageList[0].src = “image1.jpg”;
imageList[1] = new Image;
imageList[1].src = “image2.jpg”;
imageList[2] = new Image;
imageList[2].src = “image3.jpg”;
imageList[3] = new Image;
imageList[3].src = “image4.jpg”;
function slideShow(imageNumber) {
    document.slideShow.src = imageList[imageNumber].src;
    imageNumber += 1;
    if (imageNumber < imageList.length) {
        window.setTimeout(“slideShow(“ + imageNumber + “)”,3000);
    }
}
</script>

<body onLoad=”slideShow(0)”>
<img src="/”image1.jpg"” width=100 name=”slideShow”>

随机广告图片

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var imageList = new Array;    
imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”;    
imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”;    
imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”;    
imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”;    
var urlList = new Array;    
urlList[0] = “http://some.host/”;    
urlList[1] = “http://another.host/”;    
urlList[2] = “http://somewhere.else/”;    
urlList[3] = “http://right.here/”;    
var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);    
document.write(‘<a href=”’ + urlList[imageChoice] + ‘“><img src=”’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“></a>’);    
</script>

表单构成

<form method=”post” action=”target.html” name=”thisForm”>
<input type=”text” name=”myText”>    
<select name=”mySelect”>    
<option value=”1”>First Choice</option>    
<option value=”2”>Second Choice</option>    
</select>    
<br>    
<input type=”submit” value=”Submit Me”>    
</form>

访问表单中的文本框内容

<form name=”myForm”>    
<input type=”text” name=”myText”>    
</form>    
<a href='#' onClick='window.alert(document.myForm.myText.value);'>Check Text Field</a>

动态复制文本框内容

<form name=”myForm”>    
Enter some Text: <input type=”text” name=”myText”><br>    
Copy Text: <input type=”text” name=”copyText”>    
</form>    
<a href=”#” onClick=”document.myForm.copyText.value =    
document.myForm.myText.value;”>Copy Text Field</a>

侦测文本框的变化

<form name=”myForm”>    
Enter some Text: <input type=”text” name=”myText” onChange=”alert(this.value);”>    
</form>

访问选中的Select

<form name=”myForm”>
<select name=”mySelect”>
<option value=”First Choice”>1</option>
<option value=”Second Choice”>2</option>
<option value=”Third Choice”>3</option>
</select>
</form>
<a href='#' onClick='alert(document.myForm.mySelect.value);'>Check Selection List</a>

动态增加Select项

<form name=”myForm”>
    <select name=”mySelect”>
        <option value=”First Choice”>1</option>
        <option value=”Second Choice”>2</option>
    </select>
</form>
<script language=”JavaScript”>    
document.myForm.mySelect.length++;    
document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].text = “3”;    
document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].value = “Third Choice”;    
</script>

验证表单字段

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
function checkField(field) {    
    if (field.value == “”) {    
        window.alert(“You must enter a value in the field”);    
        field.focus();    
    }    
}    
</script>    
<form name=”myForm” action=”target.html”>    
 Text Field: <input type=”text” name=”myField”onBlur=”checkField(this)”>    
 <br><input type=”submit”>    
 </form>

验证Select项

function checkList(selection) {    
if (selection.length == 0) {    
    window.alert(“You must make a selection from the list.”);
    return false;    
}    
return true;    
}

动态改变表单的action

<form name=”myForm” action=”login.html”>    
Username: <input type=”text” name=”username”><br>    
Password: <input type=”password” name=”password”><br>    
<input type=”button” value=”Login” onClick=”this.form.submit();”>    
<input type=”button” value=”Register” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘register.html’; this.form.submit();”>    
<input type=”button” value=”Retrieve Password” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘password.html’; this.form.submit();”>    
</form>

使用图像按钮

<form name=”myForm” action=”login.html”>    
Username: <input type=”text” name=”username”><br>    
Password: <input type=”password”name=”password”><br>    
<input type=”image” src="/”login.gif"” value=”Login”>    
</form>

表单数据的加密

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>    
<!–    
function encrypt(item) {    
    var newItem = '';    
    for (i=0; i < item.length; i++) {    
        newItem += item.charCodeAt(i) + '.';    
    }    
    return newItem;    
}    
function encryptForm(myForm) {    
    for (i=0; i < myForm.elements.length; i++) {    
        myForm.elements[i].value = encrypt(myForm.elements[i].value);    
    }    
}    
//–>    
</SCRIPT>
<form name='myForm' onSubmit='encryptForm(this); window.alert(this.myField.value);'>
Enter Some Text: <input type=text name=myField><input type=submit>
</form>

改变浏览器状态栏文字提示

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
window.status = “A new status message”;    
</script>

弹出确认提示框

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var userChoice = window.confirm(“Click OK or Cancel”);    
if (userChoice) {    
    document.write(“You chose OK”);    
} else {    
    document.write(“You chose Cancel”);    
}    
</script>

提示输入

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var userName = window.prompt(“Please Enter Your Name”,”Enter Your Name Here”);    
document.write(“Your Name is “ + userName);    
</script>

打开一个新窗口

//打开一个名称为myNewWindow的浏览器新窗口    
<script language=”JavaScript”>    
window.open(“http://www.velee.cn”,”myNewWindow”);    
</script>

设置新窗口的大小

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
window.open(“http://www.velee.cn”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300');    
</script>

设置新窗口的位置

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
window.open(“http://www.velee.cn”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300,left=200,screenX=200,top=100,screenY=100');   
</script>

是否可以缩放新窗口的大小

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
window.open('http://www.velee.cn' , 'myNewWindow', 'resizable=yes' );
</script>

加载一个新的文档到当前窗口

<a href='#' onClick='document.location = '125a.html';' >Open New Document</a>

设置页面的滚动位置

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
if (document.all) { //如果是IE浏览器则使用scrollTop属性    
    document.body.scrollTop = 200;    
} else { //如果是NetScape浏览器则使用pageYOffset属性    
    window.pageYOffset = 200;    
}
</script>

在IE中打开全屏窗口

<a href='#' onClick=”window.open('http://www.juxta.com/','newWindow','fullScreen=yes');”>Open a full-screen window</a>

新窗口和父窗口的操作

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
//定义新窗口    
var newWindow = window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”);    
newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口    
</script>    
//在新窗口中关闭父窗口    
window.opener.close();

往新窗口中写内容

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var newWindow = window.open(“”,”newWindow”);    
newWindow.document.open();    
newWindow.document.write(“This is a new window”);    
newWIndow.document.close();    
</script>

加载页面到框架页面

<frameset cols=”50%,*”>    
<frame name=”frame1” src="/”135a.html"”>    
<frame name=”frame2” src="/”about:blank"”>    
</frameset>    
//在frame1中加载frame2中的页面    
parent.frame2.document.location = “135b.html”;

在框架页面之间共享脚本

//如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本    
function doAlert() {    
    window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);    
}    
//那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法    
<body onLoad=”parent.frame1.doAlert();”>    
This is frame 2.    
</body>

数据公用

可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用

<script language=”JavaScript”>    
var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent value”;
</script>    
<frameset cols=”50%,*”>    
<frame name=”frame1” src="/”138a.html"”>    
<frame name=”frame2” src="/”138b.html"”>    
</frameset>

这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable

框架代码库

根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库

<frameset cols=”0,50%,*”>    
<frame name=”codeFrame” src="/”140code.html"”>    
<frame name=”frame1” src="/”140a.html"”>    
<frame name=”frame2” src="/”140b.html"”>    
</frameset>