《昇思25天学习打卡营第7天|LXS》

模型训练

• 进行完整的模型训练流程
• 构建数据集dataset
• 定义神经网络模型model
• 设定参数超参数parameter
• 训练模型与模型预测

构建数据集

• 还是老规矩，数据源url与要下载到本机的路径path给定好，就开始获取数据集了

def datapipe(path, batch_size):
    image_transforms = [
        vision.Rescale(1.0 / 255.0, 0),
        vision.Normalize(mean=(0.1307,), std=(0.3081,)),
        vision.HWC2CHW()
    ]
    label_transform = transforms.TypeCast(mindspore.int32)

    dataset = MnistDataset(path)
    dataset = dataset.map(image_transforms, 'image')
    dataset = dataset.map(label_transform, 'label')
    dataset = dataset.batch(batch_size)
    return dataset

train_dataset = datapipe('MNIST_Data/train', batch_size=64)
test_dataset = datapipe('MNIST_Data/test', batch_size=64)

• 仍然是手写数字的数据集，一批次大小为64

构建神经网络模型

• 激活函数，输入输出大小设定好

class Network(nn.Cell):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.flatten = nn.Flatten()
        self.dense_relu_sequential = nn.SequentialCell(
            nn.Dense(28*28, 512),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Dense(512, 512),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Dense(512, 10)
        )

    def construct(self, x):
        x = self.flatten(x)
        logits = self.dense_relu_sequential(x)
        return logits

model = Network()

设定超参数、参数、优化器、损失函数

• 超参数：epoch训练轮次、batch一批次数据大小、rate学习率用来控制收敛速度
• 损失函数我们用cross交叉熵
• 优化器optim,使用sgd优化器

epochs = 3
batch_size = 64
learning_rate = 1e-2
loss_fn = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = nn.SGD(model.trainable_params(), learning_rate=learning_rate)

开始进行模型训练与预测

• 自动微分和具体训练还是比较复杂，建议能理解即可，不影响实际开发
• 性能评估就是模型的准确性，使用模型做预测时的准确率，执行完一轮trainloop，就要在执行一次test-loop获取当前训练的在测试集中性能

# Define forward function
def forward_fn(data, label):
    logits = model(data)
    loss = loss_fn(logits, label)
    return loss, logits

# Get gradient function
grad_fn = mindspore.value_and_grad(forward_fn, None, optimizer.parameters, has_aux=True)

# Define function of one-step training
def train_step(data, label):
    (loss, _), grads = grad_fn(data, label)
    optimizer(grads)
    return loss

def train_loop(model, dataset):
    size = dataset.get_dataset_size()
    model.set_train()
    for batch, (data, label) in enumerate(dataset.create_tuple_iterator()):
        loss = train_step(data, label)

        if batch % 100 == 0:
            loss, current = loss.asnumpy(), batch
            print(f"loss: {loss:>7f}  [{current:>3d}/{size:>3d}]")
def test_loop(model, dataset, loss_fn):
    num_batches = dataset.get_dataset_size()
    model.set_train(False)
    total, test_loss, correct = 0, 0, 0
    for data, label in dataset.create_tuple_iterator():
        pred = model(data)
        total += len(data)
        test_loss += loss_fn(pred, label).asnumpy()
        correct += (pred.argmax(1) == label).asnumpy().sum()
    test_loss /= num_batches
    correct /= total
    print(f"Test: \n Accuracy: {(100*correct):>0.1f}%, Avg loss: {test_loss:>8f} \n")