Windows下使用maven进行开发
相信做Java的都知道 找Jar包再导Jar包是一个十分痛苦的工作 费时费力不说 一番操作下来可能还会有遗漏 那有没有省时省力的方式呢
这里就要说一个神奇的项目管理工具Maven
Maven的安装
首先从Maven的官网下载Maven
Windows操作系统选择apache-maven-版本号-bin.zip
Mac和Linux操作系统选择apache-maven-版本号-bin.tar.gz
下载完成后解压到任意的文件夹下即可使用
Maven的环境变量配置
首先需要添加环境变量
-
Windows下:
右键选择此电脑 选择
属性
选择左侧的
高级系统设置
选择环境变量
在系统变量当中新建变量
变量名为MAVEN_HOME
值为你的Maven解压路径 例如我的为D:\Java\maven3.6.3
选择系统变量中的Path 编辑 新建
值为%MAVEN_HOME%\bin
之后确定
打开cmd输入mvn -v
测试环境变量是否配置成功
若输出Maven的版本信息说明环境变量配置成功 否则需要重新配置
Maven换阿里源
maven在国内没有服务器 直接使用官方源的话下载速度会很慢 因此我们需要换成阿里源
用文本编辑器打开你maven路径下conf文件夹内的settings.xml
文件
在标签内加入如下内容并保存即可
<mirror>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-public</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun public</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-central</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun central</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-spring</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun spring</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-spring-plugin</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun spring-plugin</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-apache-snapshots</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun apache-snapshots</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-google</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun google</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-gradle-plugin</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun gradle-plugin</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-jcenter</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun jcenter</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-releases</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun releases</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/releases</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-snapshots</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun snapshots</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/snapshots</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-grails-core</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun grails-core</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-mapr-public</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun mapr-public</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/mapr-public</url>
</mirror>
使用Maven搭建JavaEE项目
默认已经配置好了JavaEE开发环境
首先打开IDEA 新建项目
选择Maven项目
选择项目的保存位置 GroupId Artifacld Version可以根据自己的情况更改或默认 之后选择next
配置maven路径 并添加属性 archetypeCatalog = internal
第一次需要等待下载必须的jar包 根据网络环境的不同 时间上会略有差别 但不会太慢
当控制台内提示funished且项目下有webapp等包时说明加载完毕
之后在main目录下创建java包 在java包内写java的代码即可
后期需要新的jar包直接在pom.xml内添加即可 具体添加方法可以在jar包仓库内查找 仓库地址
格式可以参考我的pom.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>xyz.coderl</groupId>
<artifactId>water</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>water Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<build>
<finalName>water</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<!--配置资源坐标-->
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring依赖 -->
<!-- 1.Spring核心依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 2.Spring dao依赖 -->
<!-- spring-jdbc包括了一些如jdbcTemplate的工具类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 3.Spring web依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 4.Spring test依赖:方便做单元测试和集成测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--MD5依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.11</version>
</dependency>
<!--jQuery依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars.bower</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--POI依赖 读写excel文件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--ECharts图表插件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars.bower</groupId>
<artifactId>echarts</artifactId>
<version>4.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--配置Mybatis的依赖-->
<dependency>
<!--资源坐标-->
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit单元测试依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.weicoder.fork</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java-jdk11</artifactId>
<version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet的资源坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--jsp的资源坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--jstl的资源坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--配置Gson的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--配置Tomcat插件-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
<version>9.0.37</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>