最近在进行win32的程序开发,win32下提供CreateThread创建线程,线程通过一个回调函数执行,而类的成员函数不能直接作为回调函数,需要通过类的静态函数作为中转才能访问到类的属性,用起来很不方便,与Qt相比之下,发现Qt封装得好用很多
后面在网上找到了一个别人封装的使用线程的方式,使用和Qt里继承QThread的实现类似,这里做个记录
代码如下
#ifdef _AFXDLL
#include <afx.h>
#else
#include <windows.h>
#endif
#include <process.h> // _beginthread(), _endthread()
#include <iostream>
class cThread
{
public:
cThread () : threadid_ (-1) {}
~cThread () { if (threadid_ != -1) stop();}
int threadid () const { return threadid_;}
bool start ()
{
threadid_ = _beginthreadex (0, 0, thread_, this,
CREATE_SUSPENDED, (unsigned int*) &threadid_);
if (threadid_ != 0)
ResumeThread ((HANDLE)threadid_);
return (threadid_ != 0);
}
// Start the thread running
bool stop ()
{
TerminateThread ((HANDLE) threadid_, -1);
return true;
}
// Stop the thread. Ungraceful and may result in locking/resource problems.
bool wait (unsigned int seconds = 0)
{
DWORD wait = seconds * 1000;
if (wait == 0) wait = INFINITE;
DWORD status = WaitForSingleObject ((HANDLE) threadid_, wait);
return (status != WAIT_TIMEOUT);
}
// Wait for thread to complete
void sleep (unsigned int msec) { Sleep (msec);}
// Sleep for the specified amount of time.
protected:
int threadid_;
static unsigned int __stdcall thread_ (void* obj)
{
// Call the overriden thread function
cThread* t = reinterpret_cast<cThread*>(obj);
t->thread ();
return 0;
}
virtual void thread () {
_endthreadex (0);
CloseHandle ((HANDLE) threadid_);
}
// Thread function, Override this in derived classes.
};
通过_beginthreadex进行封装,据说_beginthreadex内部也是调用CreateThread,至于这两个的联系和区别网上有很多,可自行查看。
这里是封装成一个类,通过继承该类,重载thread函数,线程的执行内容放在thread函数中,通过start开启线程,这和Qt中继承QThread,重载run函数是一样的
class CTest : public cThread
{
public:
void thread ();
};
void CTest::thread()
{
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
printf("thread\n");
Sleep(1000);
}
cThread::thread();
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
CTest test;
test.start();
return a.exec();
}
如果要调用类的成员函数,只要在CTest拿到该类的对象就可以直接调用,其他类还可以通过回调的方式取到执行结果
class CTest : public cThread
{
public:
void thread ();
void bindFun(const std::function<void ()> &fun) {
fun1 = fun;
}
private:
std::function<void ()> fun1;
};
void CTest::thread()
{
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
printf("thread\n");
if(i%2 == 0)
fun1();
Sleep(1000);
}
cThread::thread();
}
class Test2
{
public:
Test2(){}
void add()
{
++count;
printf("count %d\n", count);
}
private:
int count = 0;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
CTest test;
Test2 test2;
std::function<void ()> funtional = std::bind(&Test2::add, &test2);
test.bindFun(funtional);
test.start();
return a.exec();
}
通过std::function和std::bind实现回调,例子中线程执行偶数触发Test2的add函数
执行结果
简单理解就是CTest的线程执行结果发送到外部,相当于Qt中信号槽,将线程执行结果通过信号槽的方式供外部获取。当线程用于检测状态时,这个方式就很好用了,外部就能够响应检测的状态
封装的这个线程用户,用起来就很方便,适用于多场景使用,利于扩展