Spring Boot____①Spring Boot入门（入门项目、java配置、配置拦截器）

一、入门项目

1、创建项目

可以创建一个maven项目

2、导入Spring Boot的pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.itcast.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3、写一个启动器

package cn.itcast;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class BootDemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BootDemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

4、运行此启动器的main方法，可以直接在网页(http://localhost:8080)上访问

 

二、Java配置

用java配置方式配置

<!-- 配置连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
      init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

1、java原生配置方式

1、配置pom坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>

 2、创建jdbc.properties文件

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/leyou
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123

但用spring Boot方式，创建application.yaml文件

jdbc:
  driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yun8
  username: root
  password: 123456

3、编写JdbcConfig.java

@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
public class JdbcConfig {

    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.driverClassName}")
    String driverClassName;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    String password;

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl(url);
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
        dataSource.setUsername(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        return dataSource;
    }
}

• @Configuration：声明我们JdbcConfig是一个配置类

• @PropertySource：指定属性文件的路径是:classpath:jdbc.properties

• 通过@Value为属性注入值

• 通过@Bean将 dataSource()方法声明为一个注册Bean的方法，Spring会自动调用该方法，将方法的返回值加入Spring容器中。

 

2、SpringBoot的属性注入

我们需要把jdbc.properties名称改为application.properties

1、编写JdbcProperties.java

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jdbc")
@Data
public class JdbcProperties {
    private String url;
    private String driverClassName;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    //...
    // 配置@Data后getters 和 setters自动生成
}

2、编写JdbcConfig.java

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(JdbcProperties.class)
public class JdbcConfig {

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(JdbcProperties jdbc) {
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl(jdbc.getUrl());
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(jdbc.getDriverClassName());
        dataSource.setUsername(jdbc.getUsername());
        dataSource.setPassword(jdbc.getPassword());
        return dataSource;
    }
}

3、更优雅的注入

1、编写JdbcConfig.java

事实上，如果一段属性只有一个Bean需要使用，我们无需将其注入到一个类（JdbcProperties）中。而是直接在需要的地方声明即可：

 

@Configuration
public class JdbcConfig {
    
    @Bean
    // 声明要注入的属性前缀，SpringBoot会自动把相关属性通过set方法注入到DataSource中
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jdbc")
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        return dataSource;
    }
}

4、测试

 

三、配置拦截器

1、定义拦截器类LoginInterceptor.java

package com.xiong.interceptor;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginInterceptor.class);

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        logger.debug("preHandle...");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        logger.debug("postHandle...");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        logger.debug("afterCompletion...");
    }
}

2、定义配置类，注册拦截器MvcConfig.java

package com.xiong.config;

import com.xiong.interceptor.LoginInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

/**
 * 注册拦截器
 */
@Configuration
public class MvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    /**
     * 将拦截器注册到spring容器
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public LoginInterceptor loginInterceptor() {
        return new LoginInterceptor();
    }

    /**
     * 重写接口中的addInterceptors方法，添加自定义拦截器
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        // 通过registry来注册拦截器，通过addInterceptors来添加拦截路径
        registry.addInterceptor(this.loginInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
    }
}