在android中应用程序可以通过内容提供器给程序的数据提供外部访问接口,android系统中自带的联系人程序提供了数据的外部访问接口,下面我们就来读取下联系人信息。访问内容提供器提供的数据需要用到ContentResolver类,ContentResolver可以通过Context中的getContentResolver()方法来获得,通过ContentResolver来操作数据与通过SQLiteDatabase访问数据类似,android中都提供了用于进行数据增删改查的一系列方法。另外读取联系人信息需要获取android.permission.READ_CONTACTS权限,而这个权限属于危险权限,所以需要进行运行时权限的处理。这一点要特别注意。下面来举个例子吧,新建一个ReadContacts项目
activity_main.xml中的代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ListView
android:id="@+id/contactsList"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest中的代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.tangliang.readcontacts">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
MainActivity中的代码如下:
package com.tangliang.readcontacts;
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;
List<String> contactsList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ListView contacts = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.contactsList);
adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, contactsList);
contacts.setAdapter(adapter);
if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS}, 1);
}
else{
readContacts();
}
}
private void readContacts(){
Cursor cursor = null;
try{
cursor = getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
null, null, null, null);
if(cursor != null){
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME));
String number = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
contactsList.add(displayName + "\n" + number);
}
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
if(cursor != null){
cursor.close();
}
}
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode){
case 1:
if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
readContacts();
}
else{
Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
break;
default:
}
}
}
运行程序,便能看到手机联系人信息列表了