本来分类和协议应该是放在同一篇来写的,可是最近有点小感冒,这两天不在状态,于是现在补上。
协议(protocol)
1.在我看来,目前而言,IOS的协议其实是与Android的接口是同一个概念,包括作用与实现。其作用很好的规范了对象们属性的统一性。
2.前段时间在一个线下活动中听说swift主张面向协议编程,当时百思不得其解,后来才明白其实也就等同于面向接口编程。其实与面向对象的思想并不相悖。
3.protocol中有个可选属性optional的概念,在这里不太明白:对等java中似乎没有这个属性,在此也思考是否有存在这个属性的必要,如果这个方法是可选的,为什么不将它写在父类中,而要写在协议里,这样岂不是有悖于其统一性的初衷了吗?
写了个小demo,代码如下:
基类
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface animals : NSObject
-(BOOL) isBelongAnimals;
@end
#import "animals.h"
@implementation animals
-(BOOL)isBelongAnimals
{
return true;
}
@end
protocol
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "animals.h"
@protocol animalHabits
-(void) eat;
-(void) sleep;
@optional
-(BOOL)isLazy;
@end
#import "animalHabits.h"
@implementation animalHabits : NSObject
@end
Panda
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "animals.h"
#import "animalHabits.h"
@interface Panda : animals <animalHabits>
@end
#import "Panda.h"
@implementation Panda
//因为实现了animalHabits这个协议(接口),所以sleep 和 eat方法必须实现,否则会报错
//接口在此作为一个方法统一的作用,因为每一个动物都需要去吃饭和睡觉
-(void)sleep
{
NSLog(@"Panda always sleeping 14 hours every day!");
}
-(void)eat
{
NSLog(@"Panda favorite food is bamboo!");
}
-(BOOL)isLazy
{
NSLog(@"Panda is very lazy!");
return true;
}
@end
Dog
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "animalHabits.h"
#import "animals.h"
@interface Dog : animals<animalHabits>
-(void)skill;
@end
#import "Dog.h"
@implementation Dog
-(void)sleep
{
NSLog(@"dog always sleep for 6 hours a day");
}
-(void)eat
{
NSLog(@"dog like bone!");
}
-(void)skill
{
NSLog(@"dog can protect our house!");
}
@end
main.m
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Panda.h"
#import "Dog.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
@autoreleasepool {
Panda *panda = [[Panda alloc] init];
if ([panda isBelongAnimals]){
[panda sleep];
[panda eat];
}
Dog *dog = [[Dog alloc] init];
[dog skill];
}
return 0;
}
输出结果:
2015-09-17 20:43:53.300 Lesson4[610:303] Panda always sleeping 14 hours every day!
2015-09-17 20:43:53.302 Lesson4[610:303] Panda favorite food is bamboo!
2015-09-17 20:43:53.303 Lesson4[610:303] dog can protect our house!
Program ended with exit code: 0