深入学习D3JS: d3-path

function drawCircle(context, radius) {
  context.moveTo(radius, 0);
  context.arc(0, 0, radius, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
}

使用canvas画图你需要上面的代码，d3.path可以让你在svg上使用类似代码画图。

var context = d3.path();
drawCircle(context, 40);
pathElement.setAttribute("d", context.toString());

源码如下，讲svg的操作转化为类似canvas，主要是用到一些向量运算。

var pi = Math.PI,
    tau = 2 * pi,
    epsilon = 1e-6,
    tauEpsilon = tau - epsilon;

function Path() {
    this._x0 = this._y0 = // start of current subpath
        this._x1 = this._y1 = null; // end of current subpath
    this._ = "";
}

function path() {
    return new Path;
}

Path.prototype = path.prototype = {
    constructor: Path,
    moveTo: function(x, y) {
        this._ += "M" + (this._x0 = this._x1 = +x) + "," + (this._y0 = this._y1 = +y);
    },
    closePath: function() {
        if (this._x1 !== null) {
            this._x1 = this._x0, this._y1 = this._y0;
            this._ += "Z";
        }
    },
    lineTo: function(x, y) {
        this._ += "L" + (this._x1 = +x) + "," + (this._y1 = +y);
    },
    quadraticCurveTo: function(x1, y1, x, y) {
        this._ += "Q" + (+x1) + "," + (+y1) + "," + (this._x1 = +x) + "," + (this._y1 = +y);
    },
    bezierCurveTo: function(x1, y1, x2, y2, x, y) {
        this._ += "C" + (+x1) + "," + (+y1) + "," + (+x2) + "," + (+y2) + "," + (this._x1 = +x) + "," + (this._y1 = +y);
    },
    arcTo: function(x1, y1, x2, y2, r) {
        x1 = +x1, y1 = +y1, x2 = +x2, y2 = +y2, r = +r;
        var x0 = this._x1,
            y0 = this._y1,
            x21 = x2 - x1,
            y21 = y2 - y1,
            x01 = x0 - x1,
            y01 = y0 - y1,
            l01_2 = x01 * x01 + y01 * y01;//这个值测量的是x0到x1两点之间的距离

        // Is the radius negative? Error.
        if (r < 0) throw new Error("negative radius: " + r);

        // Is this path empty? Move to (x1,y1).
        if (this._x1 === null) {
            this._ += "M" + (this._x1 = x1) + "," + (this._y1 = y1);
        }

        // Or, is (x1,y1) coincident with (x0,y0)? Do nothing.
        else if (!(l01_2 > epsilon));

        // Or, are (x0,y0), (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) collinear?
        // Equivalently, is (x1,y1) coincident with (x2,y2)?
        // Or, is the radius zero? Line to (x1,y1).
            //判断两个向量是否共线？
        else if (!(Math.abs(y01 * x21 - y21 * x01) > epsilon) || !r) {
            this._ += "L" + (this._x1 = x1) + "," + (this._y1 = y1);
        }

        // Otherwise, draw an arc!
        else {
            var x20 = x2 - x0,
                y20 = y2 - y0,
                l21_2 = x21 * x21 + y21 * y21,
                l20_2 = x20 * x20 + y20 * y20,
                l21 = Math.sqrt(l21_2),
                l01 = Math.sqrt(l01_2),
                l = r * Math.tan((pi - Math.acos((l21_2 + l01_2 - l20_2) / (2 * l21 * l01))) / 2),
                t01 = l / l01,
                t21 = l / l21;

            // If the start tangent is not coincident with (x0,y0), line to.
            if (Math.abs(t01 - 1) > epsilon) {
                this._ += "L" + (x1 + t01 * x01) + "," + (y1 + t01 * y01);
            }

            this._ += "A" + r + "," + r + ",0,0," + (+(y01 * x20 > x01 * y20)) + "," + (this._x1 = x1 + t21 * x21) + "," + (this._y1 = y1 + t21 * y21);
        }
    },
    arc: function(x, y, r, a0, a1, ccw) {
        x = +x, y = +y, r = +r;
        var dx = r * Math.cos(a0),
            dy = r * Math.sin(a0),
            x0 = x + dx,
            y0 = y + dy,
            cw = 1 ^ ccw,
            da = ccw ? a0 - a1 : a1 - a0;

        // Is the radius negative? Error.
        if (r < 0) throw new Error("negative radius: " + r);

        // Is this path empty? Move to (x0,y0).
        if (this._x1 === null) {
            this._ += "M" + x0 + "," + y0;
        }

        // Or, is (x0,y0) not coincident with the previous point? Line to (x0,y0).
        else if (Math.abs(this._x1 - x0) > epsilon || Math.abs(this._y1 - y0) > epsilon) {
            this._ += "L" + x0 + "," + y0;
        }

        // Is this arc empty? We’re done.
        if (!r) return;

        // Does the angle go the wrong way? Flip the direction.
        if (da < 0) da = da % tau + tau;

        // Is this a complete circle? Draw two arcs to complete the circle.
        if (da > tauEpsilon) {
            this._ += "A" + r + "," + r + ",0,1," + cw + "," + (x - dx) + "," + (y - dy) + "A" + r + "," + r + ",0,1," + cw + "," + (this._x1 = x0) + "," + (this._y1 = y0);
        }

        // Is this arc non-empty? Draw an arc!
        else if (da > epsilon) {
            this._ += "A" + r + "," + r + ",0," + (+(da >= pi)) + "," + cw + "," + (this._x1 = x + r * Math.cos(a1)) + "," + (this._y1 = y + r * Math.sin(a1));
        }
    },
    rect: function(x, y, w, h) {
        this._ += "M" + (this._x0 = this._x1 = +x) + "," + (this._y0 = this._y1 = +y) + "h" + (+w) + "v" + (+h) + "h" + (-w) + "Z";
    },
    toString: function() {
        return this._;
    }
};

export default path;