上一篇中讲到了蓝牙的开启和搜索，这一篇中将讲解蓝牙的连接配对及简单的通信。
本篇主要运用了多线程，I/O输入输出流，Handler等。
Android的蓝牙通信与Socket套接字相似，蓝牙端的监听接口和TCP的端口类似，使用了Socket和ServerSocket类。
蓝牙的服务器端为BluetoothServerSocket。
蓝牙的客户端为BluetoothSocket。
蓝牙的端口是RFCOMM，RFCOMM是一个面向连接，通过蓝牙模块进行的数据流传输方式，也称为串行端口规范（Serial Port Profile , SPP），为创建一个BluetoothSocket去连接到一个已知的设备，使用BluetoothDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord()，然后调用connect()方法去尝试连接。
示例效果
发送消息手机
接收消手机
在蓝牙连接通信中，将主要利用三个线程。
服务器端监听线程：
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private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket; private boolean isCancel = false; public AcceptThread() { Log.d(TAG, "AcceptThread"); BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; try { //监听RFCOMM tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord( "Bluetooth_Chat_Room", UUID.fromString(UUID_STR)); } catch (IOException e) { } mServerSocket = tmp; } public void run() { BluetoothSocket socket = null; while (true) { try { // 阻塞等待 socket = mServerSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { if (!isCancel) { try { mServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { } // 异常结束时，再次监听 mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } break; } if (socket != null) { // 管理已经连接的客户端 manageConnectedSocket(socket); try { mServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } mAcceptThread = null; break; } } } public void cancel() { try { Log.d(TAG, "AcceptThread canceled"); isCancel = true; mServerSocket.close(); mAcceptThread = null; if (mCommThread != null && mCommThread.isAlive()) { mCommThread.cancel(); } } catch (IOException e) { } } } |
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private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { Log.d(TAG, "ConnectThread"); BluetoothSocket tmp = null; mDevice = device; try { //创建RFCOMM通道 tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID .fromString(UUID_STR)); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG, "createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord error!"); } mSocket = tmp; } public BluetoothDevice getDevice() { return mDevice; } public void run() { // 取消设备扫描 mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); try { // 连接远程服务器设备 mSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException connectException) { Log.e(TAG, "Connect server failed"); try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException closeException) { } // 连接服务器失败，则自己作为服务器监听 mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); return; } manageConnectedSocket(mSocket); } public void cancel() { try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } mConnectThread = null; } } |
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private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mSocket; private final InputStream mInStream; private final OutputStream mOutStream; private BufferedWriter mBw; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "ConnectedThread"); mSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null; OutputStream tmpOut = null; try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { } mInStream = tmpIn; mOutStream = tmpOut; // 获得远程设备的输出缓存字符流 mBw = new BufferedWriter(new PrintWriter(mOutStream)); } public OutputStream getOutputStream() { return mOutStream; } public boolean write(String msg) { if (msg == null) return false; try { mBw.write(msg + "\n"); mBw.flush(); System.out.println("Write:" + msg); } catch (IOException e) { return false; } return true; } public String getRemoteName() { return mSocket.getRemoteDevice().getName(); } public void cancel() { try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } mCommThread = null; } public void run() { android.os.Message handlerMsg; String buffer = null; // 获得远程设备的缓存字符输入流 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( mInStream)); while (true) { try { // 读取远程设备的一行数据 buffer = br.readLine(); System.out.println("收到：" + buffer); if (buffer == null) continue; // 通过Handler更新到UI上 handlerMsg = mHandler.obtainMessage(); handlerMsg.what = TASK_RECV_MSG; handlerMsg.obj = buffer; mHandler.sendMessage(handlerMsg); } catch (IOException e) { try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { } mCommThread = null; break; } } } } |
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private void manageConnectedSocket(BluetoothSocket socket) {
// 启动连接管理线程 mCommThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mCommThread.start(); } |
布局文件
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:id="@+id/XianShi" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:text="无内容" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" > <EditText android:id="@+id/SendText" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1.0" android:hint="请输入" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:onClick="MySend" android:text="发送" /> </LinearLayout> <Button android:id="@+id/FindBt" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="搜索" /> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:text="蓝牙列表" /> <ListView android:id="@+id/DeviceList" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > </ListView> </LinearLayout> |
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public class MainActivity extends Activity {
//调试时使用 private static final String TAG = "Main"; // 使能请求码 private static final int REQUES_BT_ENABLE_CODE = 0x1002; //发送与接收到消息 public static final int TASK_SEND_MSG = 1; public static final int TASK_RECV_MSG = 2; // UUID号，表示不同的数据协议 private final String UUID_STR = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"; private EditText mET; //发送消息输入框 private Button MyScan; //搜索蓝牙按钮 private TextView MyMessage; //显示接收到的消息文本框 private ListView MyBtList; //显示搜索到的蓝牙列表 private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; //蓝牙适配器 private BluetoothDevice Selectdevice; //保存连接的蓝牙地址 private AcceptThread mAcceptThread; //作为服务端监听线程 private ConnectThread mConnectThread; //作为客服端请求线程 private ConnectedThread mCommThread; //连接管理线程，负责通信 private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter; //Listview的适配器 private ArrayList<String> mArrayAdapter = new ArrayList<String>(); //ListView的显示内容 private ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> mDeviceList = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>(); //用于保存搜索到的蓝牙，避免重复添加 @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS); //请求滚动条 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //注册UI mET = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.SendText); MyScan = (Button) findViewById(R.id.FindBt); MyMessage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.XianShi); MyBtList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.DeviceList); //适配ListView adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, mArrayAdapter); MyBtList.setAdapter(adapter); openBtDevice(); MyScan.setOnClickListener(new MyScanClick()); //搜索按钮监听 MyBtList.setOnItemClickListener(new MyBtConnect()); //ListView中蓝牙选择连接监听 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); // 动态注册广播接收器 // 用来接收扫描到的设备信息 registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); } //ListView中蓝牙选择连接监听事件 private class MyBtConnect implements OnItemClickListener { @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { String s = adapter.getItem(position); //获取位置 String address = s.substring(s.indexOf("\n") + 1).trim(); //获取蓝牙地址 Selectdevice = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); //获得远程设备 mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(Selectdevice); //建立客户端线程 mConnectThread.start(); } } //搜索蓝牙监听事件 private class MyScanClick implements OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // 蓝牙没有正在搜索 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { //服务器端线程未建立或蓝牙未开启 if (mAcceptThread == null) { openBtDevice(); //开启蓝牙或建立服务器端线程 return; } findBtDevice(); //显示已配对蓝牙 mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); //开始搜索 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); //显示滚动条 } } } //广播实时更新搜索到蓝牙 private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action = intent.getAction(); if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); if (mDeviceList.contains(device)) { return; } mArrayAdapter .add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress()); mDeviceList.add(device); adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action)) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false); //搜索结束，关闭滚动条 } } }; //显示已配对蓝牙 private void findBtDevice() { Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter .getBondedDevices(); if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) { for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { if (mDeviceList.contains(device)) { return; } mArrayAdapter .add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress()); mDeviceList.add(device); } } adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } //打开蓝牙，启动启动服务器端线程 private boolean openBtDevice() { // 获得蓝牙匹配器 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); // 蓝牙设备不被支持 if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Your device is not support Bluetooth!"); Toast.makeText(this, "该设备没有蓝牙设备", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return false; } // 使能蓝牙设备 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { // 隐式Intent Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent( BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUES_BT_ENABLE_CODE); } else { // 如果蓝牙设备已经使能，直接启动服务器端线程 mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } return true; } // 当startActivityForResult启动的 画面结束的时候，该方法被回调 @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { // if (requestCode == REQUES_BT_ENABLE_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { // 直接启动服务器端线程 mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } } //服务端监听线程 private class AcceptThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket; private boolean isCancel = false; public AcceptThread() { Log.d(TAG, "AcceptThread"); BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; try { //监听RFCOMM tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord( "Bluetooth_Chat_Room", UUID.fromString(UUID_STR)); } catch (IOException e) { } mServerSocket = tmp; } public void run() { BluetoothSocket socket = null; while (true) { try { // 阻塞等待 socket = mServerSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { if (!isCancel) { try { mServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { } // 异常结束时，再次监听 mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } break; } if (socket != null) { // 管理已经连接的客户端 manageConnectedSocket(socket); try { mServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } mAcceptThread = null; break; } } } public void cancel() { try { Log.d(TAG, "AcceptThread canceled"); isCancel = true; mServerSocket.close(); mAcceptThread = null; if (mCommThread != null && mCommThread.isAlive()) { mCommThread.cancel(); } } catch (IOException e) { } } } //客户端线程 private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { Log.d(TAG, "ConnectThread"); BluetoothSocket tmp = null; mDevice = device; try { //创建RFCOMM通道 tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID .fromString(UUID_STR)); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG, "createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord error!"); } mSocket = tmp; } public BluetoothDevice getDevice() { return mDevice; } public void run() { // 取消设备扫描 mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); try { // 连接远程服务器设备 mSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException connectException) { Log.e(TAG, "Connect server failed"); try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException closeException) { } // 连接服务器失败，则自己作为服务器监听 mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); return; } manageConnectedSocket(mSocket); } public void cancel() { try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } mConnectThread = null; } } //连接管理线程，负责通信 private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mSocket; private final InputStream mInStream; private final OutputStream mOutStream; private BufferedWriter mBw; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "ConnectedThread"); mSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null; OutputStream tmpOut = null; try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { } mInStream = tmpIn; mOutStream = tmpOut; // 获得远程设备的输出缓存字符流 mBw = new BufferedWriter(new PrintWriter(mOutStream)); } public OutputStream getOutputStream() { return mOutStream; } public boolean write(String msg) { if (msg == null) return false; try { mBw.write(msg + "\n"); mBw.flush(); System.out.println("Write:" + msg); } catch (IOException e) { return false; } return true; } public String getRemoteName() { return mSocket.getRemoteDevice().getName(); } public void cancel() { try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } mCommThread = null; } public void run() { android.os.Message handlerMsg; String buffer = null; // 获得远程设备的缓存字符输入流 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( mInStream)); while (true) { try { // 读取远程设备的一行数据 buffer = br.readLine(); System.out.println("收到：" + buffer); if (buffer == null) continue; // 通过Handler更新到UI上 handlerMsg = mHandler.obtainMessage(); handlerMsg.what = TASK_RECV_MSG; handlerMsg.obj = buffer; mHandler.sendMessage(handlerMsg); } catch (IOException e) { try { mSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { } mCommThread = null; break; } } } } private void manageConnectedSocket(BluetoothSocket socket) { // 启动连接管理线程 mCommThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mCommThread.start(); } //发送消息按钮事件 public void MySend(View v) { String msg = mET.getText().toString().trim(); if (msg.length() <= 0) { Toast.makeText(this, "消息不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } mCommThread.write(msg); android.os.Message SendMsg = new Message(); SendMsg = mHandler.obtainMessage(); SendMsg.what = TASK_SEND_MSG; SendMsg.obj = msg; mHandler.sendMessage(SendMsg); mET.setText(""); } //Handler，负责将通信的信息更新到UI上显示 private Handler mHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case TASK_SEND_MSG: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, msg.obj.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case TASK_RECV_MSG: // 获得远程设备发送的消息 MyMessage.setText(msg.obj.toString()); break; } } }; } |
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