一、转账失败案例
bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 配置Service -->
<bean id="accountService" class="com.liaoxiang.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
<!-- 注入dao,set方法注入 -->
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置Dao对象-->
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.liaoxiang.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!-- 注入QueryRunner,set方法注入 -->
<property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置QueryRunner-->
<bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
<!--注入数据源,构造函数注入-->
<constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!--连接数据库的必备信息-->
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="123456"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
IAccountDao
public interface IAccountDao {
void updateAccount(Account account);
Account findAccountByName(String accountName);
}
AccountDaoImpl
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
private QueryRunner runner;
public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
this.runner = runner;
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try{
runner.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
try{
List<Account> accounts = runner.query("select * from account where name = ? ",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
if(accounts == null || accounts.size() == 0){
return null;
}
if(accounts.size() > 1){
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一,数据有问题");
}
return accounts.get(0);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
IAccountService
public interface IAccountService {
void updateAccount(Account account);
/**
* 转账功能
* @param sourceName 转出账户名称
* @param targetName 转入账户名称
* @param money 转账金额
*/
void transfer(String sourceName,String targetName,Float money);
}
AccountServiceImpl
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
private IAccountDao accountDao;
public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
accountDao.updateAccount(account);
}
/**
* @param sourceName 转出账户名称
* @param targetName 转入账户名称
* @param money 转账金额
* 为了防止异常前面方法的执行成功,异常后面的没有执行,下面操作数据库的方法应该只公用一个connection对象
* 即: 一起成功,一起失败
* 需要使用ThreadLocal对象把Connection和当前线程绑定,从而使一个线程中只有一个能控制事务的对象
*/
public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
System.out.println("transfer....");
//1、根据名称查询转出账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
//2、根据名称查询转入账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
//3、转出账户减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
//4、转入账户加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
//5、更新转出账户
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
//6、更新转入账户
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
}
}
测试类
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")
public class AccountServiceTest {
@Autowired
private IAccountService accountService;
@Test
public void testTransfer(){
accountService.transfer("aaa","bbb",100f);
}
}
成功转账:
制造异常:int i=1/0;
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
private IAccountDao accountDao;
public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
accountDao.updateAccount(account);
}
/**
* @param sourceName 转出账户名称
* @param targetName 转入账户名称
* @param money 转账金额
* 为了防止异常前面方法的执行成功,异常后面的没有执行,下面操作数据库的方法应该只公用一个connection对象
* 即: 一起成功,一起失败
* 需要使用ThreadLocal对象把Connection和当前线程绑定,从而使一个线程中只有一个能控制事务的对象
*/
public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
System.out.println("transfer....");
//1、根据名称查询转出账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
//2、根据名称查询转入账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
//3、转出账户减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
//4、转入账户加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
//5、更新转出账户
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
// 制造异常
int i=1/0;
//6、更新转入账户
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
}
}
运行出现异常:
事物并没有得到控制
原因分析:
在bean.xml中配置的QueryRunner对象是多例的,每次要操作数据库时,都会从数据源获取新的连接,每个连接都有自己的事物,在转账中异常代码之前的连接都能成功提交事务,异常代码之后的则不能,要使同时提交或者同时回滚,要求执行转账任务线程上只有一个连接。
解决办法:
使用ThreadLocal对象把Connection和当前线程绑定,从而使一个线程中只有一个能控制事物的对象。
二、改进上面的案例是能够控制事物
项目结构
utils工具类:
package com.liaoxiang.utils;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
/**
* @auther Mr.Liao
* 连接数据库的工具类,从数据源中获取一个链接,并且实现和线程的绑定
*/
public class ConnectionUtils {
private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();
private DataSource dataSource;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
}
/**
* 获取当前线程上的连接
* @return
*/
public Connection getThreadConnection() {
try{
//1.先从ThreadLocal上获取
Connection conn = tl.get();
//2.判断当前线程上是否有连接
if (conn == null) {
//3.从数据源中获取一个连接,并且存入ThreadLocal中
conn = dataSource.getConnection();
tl.set(conn);
}
//4.返回当前线程上的连接
return conn;
}catch (Exception e){
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 把连接和线程解绑
*/
public void removeConnection(){
tl.remove();
}
}
package com.liaoxiang.utils;
/**
* @auther Mr.Liao
* @date 2019/4/15 9:50
*
* 事物管理相关的工具类:Advice(通知/增强)
*/
public class TransactionManager {
private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
}
/**
* 开启事务
*/
public void beginTransaction(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 提交事务
*/
public void commit(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 回滚事务
*/
public void rollback(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 释放连接
*/
public void release(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();//还回连接池中
connectionUtils.removeConnection();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
修改bean配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 配置Service -->
<bean id="accountService" class="com.liaoxiang.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
<!-- 注入dao -->
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
<!--注入事物管理器-->
<property name="txManager" ref="txManager"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置Dao对象-->
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.liaoxiang.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!-- 注入QueryRunner -->
<property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
<!-- 注入ConnectionUtils -->
<property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置QueryRunner-->
<bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype"></bean>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!--连接数据库的必备信息-->
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="123456"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置Connection的工具类 ConnectionUtils -->
<bean id="connectionUtils" class="com.liaoxiang.utils.ConnectionUtils">
<!-- 注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器-->
<bean id="txManager" class="com.liaoxiang.utils.TransactionManager">
<!-- 注入ConnectionUtils -->
<property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
修改AccountDaoImpl
package com.liaoxiang.dao.impl;
import com.liaoxiang.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.liaoxiang.domain.Account;
import com.liaoxiang.utils.ConnectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @auther Mr.Liao
* @date 2019/4/15 9:48
*/
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
private QueryRunner runner;
private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
this.runner = runner;
}
public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try{
runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),
"update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
try{
List<Account> accounts = runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),
"select * from account where name = ? ",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
if(accounts == null || accounts.size() == 0){
return null;
}
if(accounts.size() > 1){
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一,数据有问题");
}
return accounts.get(0);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
修改AccountServiceImpl
package com.liaoxiang.service.impl;
import com.liaoxiang.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.liaoxiang.domain.Account;
import com.liaoxiang.service.IAccountService;
import com.liaoxiang.utils.TransactionManager;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @auther Mr.Liao
* @date 2019/4/15 9:54
*/
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
private IAccountDao accountDao;
private TransactionManager txManager;
public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
public void setTxManager(TransactionManager txManager) {
this.txManager = txManager;
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try {
//1、开启事物
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2、执行操作
accountDao.updateAccount(account);
//3、提交事务
txManager.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
//4、回滚事物
txManager.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//5、释放链接
txManager.release();
}
}
/**
* @param sourceName 转出账户名称
* @param targetName 转入账户名称
* @param money 转账金额
* 为了防止异常前面方法的执行成功,异常后面的没有执行,下面操作数据库的方法应该只公用一个connection对象
* 需要使用ThreadLocal对象把Connection和当前线程绑定,从而使一个线程中只有一个能控制事务的对象
*/
public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
try {
//1、开启事物
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2、执行操作
//2.1 根据名称查询转出账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
//2.2 根据名称查询转入账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
//2.3 转出账户减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
//2.4 转入账户加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
//2.5 更新转出账户
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
// 制造异常
int i=1/0;
//2.6更新转入账户
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
//3、提交事务
txManager.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
//4、回滚事物
txManager.rollback();
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} finally {
//5、释放链接
txManager.release();
}
}
}
测试类
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")
public class AccountServiceTest {
@Autowired
private IAccountService accountService;
@Test
public void testTransfer(){
accountService.transfer("aaa","bbb",100f);
}
}
以上达到了对事物的控制
总结:
虽然达到了对事物的控制,但是各种配置显得很麻烦,而且在AccountServiceImpl
中的代码变得异常的臃肿,每执行一次数据库操作都要进行事务相关的方法,解决办法就是动态代理,更多内容请参见下一节!