在串口通讯这块，使用过DELPHI的SPCOMM,微软的MSCOMM,C#自带的串口类发现在多线程中都有可能不稳定，发生死锁等，找很久才能找出问题。
SPCOMM因为是基于WINDOWS消息的，在多线程中不好使，无法接收数据。
MSCOMM本来是一个商业控件，也不是线程安全的，在软件上使用不稳定，挑电脑。
C#自带的串口类有可能死锁等，也不好使。
后来 发现只有工业级PCOMM满足我的要求，PCOMM是线程安全的，不用担心不稳定，使用了几年了非常稳定（开到96个串口读写线程依然稳定），而且占用CPU低，特分享C#调用PCOMM的代码互相学习。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections;
namespace PCommApp
{
public class PComm
{
[DllImport(“PComm.dll”, EntryPoint = “sio_open”)]
public static extern int sio_open(int port);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_ioctl")]
public static extern int sio_ioctl(int port, int baud, int mode);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_DTR")]
public static extern int sio_DTR(int port, int mode);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_RTS")]
public static extern int sio_RTS(int port, int mode);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_close")]
public static extern int sio_close(int port);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_read")]
public static extern int sio_read(int port, ref byte buf, int length);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_write")]
public static extern int sio_write(int port,ref byte buf, int length);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_SetReadTimeouts")]
public static extern int sio_SetReadTimeouts(int port, int TotalTimeouts, int IntervalTimeouts);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_SetWriteTimeouts")]
public static extern int sio_SetWriteTimeouts(int port,int TotalTimeouts,int IntervalTimeouts);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_AbortRead")]
public static extern int sio_AbortRead(int port);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_AbortWrite")]
public static extern int sio_AbortWrite(int port);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_getmode")]
public static extern int sio_getmode(int port);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_getbaud")]
public static extern int sio_getbaud(int port);
[DllImport("PComm.dll", EntryPoint = "sio_flowctrl")]
public static extern int sio_flowctrl(int port,int mode);
// Function return error code
private const int SIO_OK = 0;
private const int SIO_BADPORT = -1;
private const int SIO_OUTCONTROL = -2;
private const int SIO_NODATA = -4;
private const int SIO_OPENFAIL = -5;
private const int SIO_RTS_BY_HW = -6;
private const int SIO_BADPARAM = -7;
private const int SIO_WIN32FAIL = -8;
private const int SIO_BOARDNOTSUPPORT = -9;
private const int SIO_ABORT_WRITE = -11;
private const int SIO_WRITETIMEOUT = -12;
// Self Define function return error code
private const int ERR_NOANSWER = -101;
// Baud rate
private const int B50 = 0x0;
private const int B75 = 0x1;
private const int B110 = 0x2;
private const int B134 = 0x3;
private const int B150 = 0x4;
private const int B300 = 0x5;
private const int B600 = 0x6;
private const int B1200 = 0x7;
private const int B1800 = 0x8;
private const int B2400 = 0x9;
private const int B4800 = 0xA;
private const int B7200 = 0xB;
private const int B9600 = 0xC;
private const int B19200 = 0xD;
private const int B38400 = 0xE;
private const int B57600 = 0xF;
private const int B115200 = 0x10;
private const int B230400 = 0x11;
private const int B460800 = 0x12;
private const int B921600 = 0x13;
// Mode setting Data bits define
private const int BIT_5 = 0x0;
private const int BIT_6 = 0x1;
private const int BIT_7 = 0x2;
private const int BIT_8 = 0x3;
// Mode setting Stop bits define
private const int STOP_1 = 0x0;
private const int STOP_2 = 0x4;
// Mode setting Parity define
private const int P_EVEN = 0x18;
private const int P_ODD = 0x8;
private const int P_SPC = 0x38;
private const int P_MRK = 0x28;
private const int P_NONE = 0x0;
// Private Key name
private const string KEY_PORT = "Port";
private const string KEY_BAUDRATE = "Baud_Rate";
private const string KEY_PARITY = "Parity";
private const string KEY_BYTESIZE = "Byte_Size";
private const string KEY_STOPBITS = "Stop_Bits";
private const string KEY_BEFOREDELAY = "Before_Delay";
private const string KEY_BYTEDELAY = "Byte_Delay";
private const string KEY_READINTERVALTIMEOUT = "Read_Interval_Timeout";
private const string KEY_AFTERDELAY = "After_Delay";
// Port param
private int Gl_Int_Port=1;
private int Gl_Int_Baudrate = B9600;
private int Gl_Int_Parity = P_NONE;
private int Gl_Int_ByteSize = BIT_8;
private int Gl_Int_StopBits = STOP_1;
// Delay param
private int Gl_Int_BeforeDelay = 0;
private int Gl_Int_ByteDelay = 0;
private int Gl_Int_ReadIntervalTimeout = 50;
private int Gl_Int_AfterDealy = 3000;
/// <summary>
/// 解析通讯参数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Hb_CommParam"></param>
private void AnalyseCommParam(Hashtable Ht_CommParam)
{
//Port
Gl_Int_Port=int.Parse(Ht_CommParam[KEY_PORT].ToString());
//Baud rate
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_BAUDRATE))
{
switch (Ht_CommParam[KEY_BAUDRATE].ToString())
{
case "50": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B50; break;
case "75": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B75; break;
case "110": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B110; break;
case "134": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B134; break;
case "150":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B150; break;
case "300":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B300; break;
case "600":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B600; break;
case "1200":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B1200; break;
case "1800":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B1800; break;
case "2400":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B2400; break;
case "4800":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B4800; break;
case "7200":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B7200; break;
case "9600":Gl_Int_Baudrate = B9600; break;
case "19200": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B19200; break;
case "38400": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B38400; break;
case "57600": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B57600; break;
case "115200": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B115200; break;
case "230400": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B230400; break;
case "460800": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B460800; break;
case "921600": Gl_Int_Baudrate = B921600; break;
default: Gl_Int_Baudrate = B9600; break;
}
}
//Parity
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_PARITY))
{
switch (Ht_CommParam[KEY_PARITY].ToString())
{
case "Even": Gl_Int_Parity = P_EVEN; break;
case "Odd": Gl_Int_Parity = P_ODD; break;
case "Space": Gl_Int_Parity = P_SPC; break;
case "Mark": Gl_Int_Parity = P_MRK; break;
case "None": Gl_Int_Parity = P_NONE; break;
default: Gl_Int_Parity = P_NONE; break;
}
}
//Byte Size
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_BYTESIZE))
{
switch (Ht_CommParam[KEY_BYTESIZE].ToString())
{
case "5": Gl_Int_ByteSize = BIT_5; break;
case "6": Gl_Int_ByteSize = BIT_6; break;
case "7": Gl_Int_ByteSize = BIT_7; break;
case "8": Gl_Int_ByteSize = BIT_8; break;
default: Gl_Int_ByteSize = BIT_8; break;
}
}
//Stop Bits
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_STOPBITS))
{
switch (Ht_CommParam[KEY_STOPBITS].ToString())
{
case "1": Gl_Int_StopBits = STOP_1; break;
case "2": Gl_Int_StopBits = STOP_2; break;
default: Gl_Int_StopBits = STOP_1; break;
}
}
//Before Delay
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_BEFOREDELAY))
{
int.TryParse(Ht_CommParam[KEY_BEFOREDELAY].ToString(),out Gl_Int_BeforeDelay);
}
//Byte Delay
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_BYTEDELAY))
{
int.TryParse(Ht_CommParam[KEY_BYTEDELAY].ToString(), out Gl_Int_ByteDelay);
}
//Read Interval Timeout
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_READINTERVALTIMEOUT))
{
int.TryParse(Ht_CommParam[KEY_READINTERVALTIMEOUT].ToString(), out Gl_Int_ReadIntervalTimeout);
}
//After Delay
if (Ht_CommParam.Contains(KEY_AFTERDELAY))
{
int.TryParse(Ht_CommParam[KEY_AFTERDELAY].ToString(),out Gl_Int_AfterDealy);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化串口通讯
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Hb_CommParam"></param>
/// <returns>错误码</returns>
public int InitComm(Hashtable Ht_CommParam)
{
AnalyseCommParam(Ht_CommParam);
//Open port
int i_RtnCode = sio_open(Gl_Int_Port);
if (i_RtnCode != SIO_OK)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
//Configure communication parameters
int mode=Gl_Int_Parity | Gl_Int_ByteSize | Gl_Int_StopBits;
i_RtnCode = sio_ioctl(Gl_Int_Port,Gl_Int_Baudrate,mode);
if (i_RtnCode != SIO_OK)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
//Flow control
i_RtnCode = sio_flowctrl(Gl_Int_Port, 0);
if (i_RtnCode != SIO_OK)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
//DTR
i_RtnCode = sio_DTR(Gl_Int_Port, 1);
if (i_RtnCode != SIO_OK)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
//RTS
i_RtnCode = sio_RTS(Gl_Int_Port, 1);
if (i_RtnCode != SIO_OK)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
//Set timeout values for sio_read
sio_SetReadTimeouts(Gl_Int_Port,Gl_Int_AfterDealy,Gl_Int_ReadIntervalTimeout);
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// 发生十六进值字符串帧，
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Str_SendFrame">发送帧</param>
/// <param name="Str_RecFrame">接受帧</param>
/// <param name="i_NewBaudrate">新的波特率</param>
/// <returns>错误码</returns>
public int SendFrame(string Str_SendFrame, ref string Str_RecFrame, int i_NewBaudrate = 0)
{
int i_RtnCode;
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
byte[] recbuffer = new byte[4096];
Str_SendFrame = Str_SendFrame.Replace(" ", "");
int i_FrameLen = Str_SendFrame.Length / 2;
for (int i = 0; i <= i_FrameLen - 1; i++)
{
buffer[i]=Convert.ToByte(Str_SendFrame.Substring(i*2,2),16);
}
//Write data
if (Gl_Int_ByteDelay == 0)
{
i_RtnCode = sio_write(Gl_Int_Port,ref buffer[0], i_FrameLen);
if (i_RtnCode < 0)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i <= i_FrameLen - 1; i++)
{
i_RtnCode = sio_write(Gl_Int_Port, ref buffer[i], 1);
if (i_RtnCode < 0)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
Thread.Sleep(Gl_Int_ByteDelay);
}
}
//Change baudrate
if (i_NewBaudrate < 0) //No need answer
{
return 0;
}
else if (i_NewBaudrate > 0) //Need change baudrate
{
int mode = sio_getmode(Gl_Int_Port);
int baud = sio_getbaud(Gl_Int_Port);
if (baud != i_NewBaudrate)
{
Thread.Sleep(180);
sio_ioctl(Gl_Int_Port, i_NewBaudrate, mode);
}
}
//Read data
i_RtnCode = sio_read(Gl_Int_Port, ref recbuffer[0], 4096);
if (i_RtnCode < 0)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
else if (i_RtnCode == 0)
{
return ERR_NOANSWER;
}
int i_RecFrameLen = i_RtnCode;
StringBuilder Sb_RecFrame = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i <= i_RecFrameLen - 1; i++)
{
Sb_RecFrame.Append(recbuffer[i].ToString("X"));
Sb_RecFrame.Append(" ");
}
Str_RecFrame = Sb_RecFrame.ToString().Trim();
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭串口通讯
/// </summary>
/// <returns>错误码</returns>
public int CloseComm()
{
int i_RtnCode=sio_close(Gl_Int_Port);
if (i_RtnCode!=SIO_OK)
{
return i_RtnCode;
}
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取通讯错误消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="i_ErrCode">错误码</param>
/// <returns>错误消息</returns>
public string GetCommErrMsg(int i_ErrCode)
{
switch (i_ErrCode)
{
case SIO_OK: return "成功";
case SIO_BADPORT: return "串口号无效,检测串口号!";
case SIO_OUTCONTROL: return "主板不是MOXA兼容的智能主板!";
case SIO_NODATA: return "没有可读的数据!";
case SIO_OPENFAIL: return "打开串口失败,检查串口是否被占用!";
case SIO_RTS_BY_HW: return "不能控制串口因为已经通过sio_flowctrl设定为自动H/W流控制";
case SIO_BADPARAM: return "串口参数错误,检查串口参数!";
case SIO_WIN32FAIL: return "调用Win32函数失败!";
case SIO_BOARDNOTSUPPORT: return "串口不支持这个函数!";
case SIO_ABORT_WRITE:return "用户终止写数据块!";
case SIO_WRITETIMEOUT:return "写数据超时!";
case ERR_NOANSWER: return "无应答!";
default: return i_ErrCode.ToString();
}
}
}
}
示列代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Collections;
namespace PCommApp
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
btnSend.Enabled = false;
try
{
Hashtable Ht = new Hashtable();
Ht.Add("Port", txbPort.Text.ToString());
Ht.Add("Baud_Rate", "9600");
Ht.Add("Parity", "None");
Ht.Add("Byte_Size", "8");
Ht.Add("Stop_Bits", "1");
Ht.Add("Before_Delay", "0");
Ht.Add("Byte_Delay", "50");
Ht.Add("Read_Interval_Timeout", "50");
Ht.Add("After_Delay", "3000");
string Str_SendFrame = txbSendFrame.Text.Trim();
string Str_RecFrame = string.Empty;
PComm SP = new PComm();
//初始化串口
int i_RtnCode = SP.InitComm(Ht);
if (i_RtnCode != 0)
{
MessageBox.Show(SP.GetCommErrMsg(i_RtnCode));
return;
}
try
{
//发送数据
ShowDebugMsg("发送: " + Str_SendFrame, true);
i_RtnCode = SP.SendFrame(Str_SendFrame, ref Str_RecFrame, 0);
if (i_RtnCode != 0)
{
ShowDebugMsg(SP.GetCommErrMsg(i_RtnCode), false);
return;
}
ShowDebugMsg("接收: " + Str_RecFrame, true);
}
finally
{
//关闭串口
SP.CloseComm();
}
}
finally
{
btnSend.Enabled = true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 显示调试消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Str_ShowMsg"></param>
/// <param name="B_IsFrame"></param>
private void ShowDebugMsg(string Str_ShowMsg,Boolean B_IsFrame)
{
if (B_IsFrame)
{
Str_ShowMsg = DateTime.Now.ToString()+ " " + Str_ShowMsg;
}
txtDebug.AppendText(Str_ShowMsg+"\r\n");
txtDebug.ScrollToCaret();
txtDebug.Refresh();
}
}
}
完整代码资源链接: 这里写代码片http://download.csdn.net/detail/a295281315/9766510
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