一、下载oracle 10g sqlplus软件(此处以64位为例)
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/oci/instantclient/index.html oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-10.2.0.4-1.x86_64.rpm (用于最后测试连接) oracle-instantclient-devel-10.2.0.4-1.x86_64.rpm (sdk)
二、安装rpm包
#rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.x86_64.rpm #rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-10.2.0.4-1.x86_64.rpm #rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-devel-10.2.0.4-1.x86_64.rpm |
三、指定sqlplus运行所需要的库
由于是RPM包安装的,因此,oracle客户端默认所在的路径为/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64/lib/
#vi /etc/ld.so.conf |
在最后加入:
/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64/lib |
四、重启ldconfig
#ldconfig |
五、配置oracle环境变量(其他用户建议设置在~/.bash_profile文件中配置环境变量)
(此处的环境变量以实际的目录为准)
#vi /etc/profile |
export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:. export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:. export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK |
六、手动新建配置连接tnsnames.ora(新建在$ORACLE_HOME目录底下)
#cd $ORACLE_HOME |
TEST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = IP )(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME=INSTANCE) ) ) |
七、启动sql测试
# sqlplus用户名/密码@test |
八、报错说明
在配置完成之后,一开始sqlplus无法连接数据库,报无监听程序的错误信息,可能的原因如下: ①tnsnames.ora配置文件没有配置正确 ②Oracle服务端的监听程序的listener.ora的文件里面的配置,localhost(跟tnsnames.ora相同目录下)没有被识别出来。出现这个现象的电脑安装了vmware虚拟机,导致的本机localhost不能正确识别出来?(更详细的原因待查),把原来的localhost改成机器名,不过这样相应的本机中的tnsnames.ora中的localhost也给改否则影响本机数据库的连接。重启服务和监听,数据库连接成功 LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = USER-20140416MH)(PORT = 1521)) ) )