Android中Message机制的灵活应用

下面我们会以android实例来展示对应的功能，程序界面于下： 
 
程序代码如下，后面部分有代码说明： 

 

 

package com.android.messageexample;  
import android.app.Activity;  
import android.content.Context;  
import android.graphics.Color;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.os.Handler;  
import android.os.Looper;  
import android.os.Message;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
import android.widget.Button;  
import android.widget.LinearLayout;  
import android.widget.TextView;  
public class MessageExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener {  
private final int WC = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;  
private final int FP = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT;  
public TextView tv;  
private EventHandler mHandler;  
private Handler mOtherThreadHandler=null;  
private Button btn, btn2, btn3, btn4, btn5, btn6;  
private NoLooperThread noLooerThread = null;  
private OwnLooperThread ownLooperThread = null;  
private ReceiveMessageThread receiveMessageThread =null;  
private Context context = null;  
private final String sTag = "MessageExample";  
private boolean postRunnable = false;  
  
/** Called when the activity is first created. */  
@Override  
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
       context = this.getApplicationContext();  
       LinearLayout layout = new LinearLayout(this);  
       layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);  
       btn = new Button(this);  
       btn.setId(101);  
       btn.setText("message from main thread self");  
       btn.setOnClickListener(this);  
       LinearLayout.LayoutParams param =  
         new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(250,50);  
       param.topMargin = 10;  
       layout.addView(btn, param);  
       btn2 = new Button(this);  
       btn2.setId(102);  
       btn2.setText("message from other thread to main thread");  
       btn2.setOnClickListener(this);  
       layout.addView(btn2, param);  
       btn3 = new Button(this);  
       btn3.setId(103);  
       btn3.setText("message to other thread from itself");  
       btn3.setOnClickListener(this);  
       layout.addView(btn3, param);  
       btn4 = new Button(this);  
       btn4.setId(104);  
       btn4.setText("message with Runnable as callback from other thread to main thread");  
       btn4.setOnClickListener(this);  
       layout.addView(btn4, param);  
       btn5 = new Button(this);  
       btn5.setId(105);  
       btn5.setText("main thread's message to other thread");  
       btn5.setOnClickListener(this);  
       layout.addView(btn5, param);  
       btn6 = new Button(this);  
       btn6.setId(106);  
       btn6.setText("exit");  
       btn6.setOnClickListener(this);  
       layout.addView(btn6, param);  
       tv = new TextView(this);  
       tv.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);  
       tv.setText("");  
       LinearLayout.LayoutParams param2 =  
          new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(FP, WC);  
       param2.topMargin = 10;  
       layout.addView(tv, param2);  
       setContentView(layout);      
        
       //主线程要发送消息给other thread， 这里创建那个other thread  
   receiveMessageThread = new ReceiveMessageThread();  
   receiveMessageThread.start();  
}  
  
//implement the OnClickListener interface  
@Override  
public void onClick(View v) {  
   switch(v.getId()){  
   case 101:  
//主线程发送消息给自己  
Looper looper;  
looper = Looper.myLooper();   //get the Main looper related with the main thread  
//如果不给任何参数的话会用当前线程对应的Looper(这里就是Main Looper)为Handler里面的成员mLooper赋值  
mHandler = new EventHandler(looper);  
//mHandler = new EventHandler();  
// 清除整个MessageQueue里的消息  
mHandler.removeMessages(0);  
String obj = "This main thread's message and received by itself!";  
//得到Message对象  
Message m = mHandler.obtainMessage(1, 1, 1, obj);  
// 将Message对象送入到main thread的MessageQueue里面  
mHandler.sendMessage(m);  
break;  
   case 102:  
//other线程发送消息给主线程  
postRunnable = false;  
noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();  
noLooerThread.start();  
break;  
   case 103:    
//other thread获取它自己发送的消息  
tv.setText("please look at the error level log for other thread received message");  
ownLooperThread = new OwnLooperThread();  
ownLooperThread.start();  
break;  
   case 104:      
//other thread通过Post Runnable方式发送消息给主线程  
postRunnable = true;  
noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();  
noLooerThread.start();  
break;  
   case 105:      
//主线程发送消息给other thread  
if(null!=mOtherThreadHandler){  
tv.setText("please look at the error level log for other thread received message from main thread");  
String msgObj = "message from mainThread";  
Message mainThreadMsg = mOtherThreadHandler.obtainMessage(1, 1, 1, msgObj);  
mOtherThreadHandler.sendMessage(mainThreadMsg);  
}  
break;  
   case 106:  
finish();  
break;  
   }  
}  
class EventHandler extends Handler  
{  
   public EventHandler(Looper looper) {  
super(looper);  
   }  
   public EventHandler() {  
super();  
   }  
   public void handleMessage(Message msg) {  
//可以根据msg.what执行不同的处理，这里没有这么做  
switch(msg.what){  
case 1:  
tv.setText((String)msg.obj);  
break;  
case 2:  
tv.setText((String)msg.obj);  
noLooerThread.stop();  
break;  
case 3:  
//不能在非主线程的线程里面更新UI，所以这里通过Log打印收到的消息  
Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);  
ownLooperThread.stop();  
break;  
default:  
//不能在非主线程的线程里面更新UI，所以这里通过Log打印收到的消息  
Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);  
break;  
}  
   }  
}  
//NoLooperThread  
class NoLooperThread extends Thread{  
   private EventHandler mNoLooperThreadHandler;  
   public void run() {  
Looper myLooper, mainLooper;  
myLooper = Looper.myLooper();  
mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper(); //这是一个static函数  
String obj;  
if(myLooper == null){  
mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);  
obj = "NoLooperThread has no looper and handleMessage function executed in main thread!";  
}  
else {  
mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);  
obj = "This is from NoLooperThread self and handleMessage function executed in NoLooperThread!";  
}  
mNoLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages(0);  
if(false == postRunnable){  
//send message to main thread  
Message m = mNoLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage(2, 1, 1, obj);  
mNoLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);  
Log.e(sTag, "NoLooperThread id:" + this.getId());  
}else{  
//下面new出来的实现了Runnable接口的对象中run函数是在Main Thread中执行，不是在NoLooperThread中执行  
//注意Runnable是一个接口，它里面的run函数被执行时不会再新建一个线程  
//您可以在run上加断点然后在eclipse调试中看它在哪个线程中执行  
mNoLooperThreadHandler.post(new Runnable(){    
    @Override    
    public void run() {    
   tv.setText("update UI through handler post runnalbe mechanism!");  
   noLooerThread.stop();  
    }    
});    
}  
   }  
}  
  
//OwnLooperThread has his own message queue by execute Looper.prepare();  
class OwnLooperThread extends Thread{  
   private EventHandler mOwnLooperThreadHandler;  
   public void run() {  
Looper.prepare();  
Looper myLooper, mainLooper;  
myLooper = Looper.myLooper();  
mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper(); //这是一个static函数  
String obj;  
if(myLooper == null){  
mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);  
obj = "OwnLooperThread has no looper and handleMessage function executed in main thread!";  
}  
else {  
mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);  
obj = "This is from OwnLooperThread self and handleMessage function executed in NoLooperThread!";  
}  
mOwnLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages(0);  
//给自己发送消息  
Message m = mOwnLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage(3, 1, 1, obj);  
mOwnLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);  
Looper.loop();  
   }  
}  
  
//ReceiveMessageThread has his own message queue by execute Looper.prepare();  
class ReceiveMessageThread extends Thread{  
   public void run() {  
Looper.prepare();  
mOtherThreadHandler = new Handler(){  
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {  
    Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);  
}  
};  
Looper.loop();  
   }  
}  
  
}  

 

 

使用Looper.myLooper静态方法可以取得当前线程的Looper对象。 

使用mHandler = new EevntHandler(Looper.myLooper()); 可建立用来处理当前线程的Handler对象；其中，EevntHandler是Handler的子类。 

使用mHandler = new EevntHandler(Looper.getMainLooper()); 可建立用来处理main线程的Handler对象；其中，EevntHandler是Handler的子类。 


主线程发送消息： 

在onClick的case 101中创建一个继承自Handler的EventHandler对象，然后获取一个消息，然后通过EventHandler对象调用 sendMessage把消息发送到主线程的MessageQueue中。主线程由系统创建，系统会给它建立一个Looper对象和 MessageQueue，所以可以接收消息。这里只要根据主线程的Looper对象初始化EventHandler对象，就可以通过 EventHandler对象发送消息到主线程的消息队列中。 

主线程处理消息： 

这里是通过 EventHandler的handleMessage函数处理的，其中收到的Message对象中what值为一的消息就是发送给它的，然后把消息里面附带的字符串在TextView上显示出来。 

其他线程发送消息（这里是说不使用Runnable作为callback的消息）： 

首先 postRunnable设为false，表示不通过Runnable方式进行消息相关的操作。然后启动线程noLooerThread， 然后以主线程的Looper对象为参数建立EventHandler的对象mNoLooperThreadHandler，然后获取一个Message并把一个字符串赋值给它的一个成员obj，然后通过mNoLooperThreadHandler把消息发送到主线程的MessageQueue中。 

主线程处理消息： 

这里是通过 EventHandler的handleMessage函数处理的，其中收到的Message对象中what值为二的消息就是上面发送给它的，然后把消息里面附带的字符串在TextView上显示出来。 


其他线程发送消息： 

其他非主线程建立后没有自己的Looper对象，所以也没有MessageQueue，需要给非主线程发送消息时需要建立MessageQueue以便接收消息。下面说明如何给自己建立MessageQueue和Looper对象。从OwnLooperThread的run函数中可以看见有一个 Looper.prepare()调用，这个就是用来建立非主线程的MessageQueue和Looper对象的。 

所以这里的发送消息过程是建立线程mOwnLooperThread，然后线程建立自己的Looper和MessageQueue对象，然后根据上面建立的Looper对象建立对应的EventHandler对象mOwnLooperThreadHandler，然后由mOwnLooperThreadHandler建立消息并且发送到自己的MessageQueue里面。 

其他线程处理接收的消息： 

线程要接收消息需要在run函数中调用Looper.loop()，然后loop函数会从MessageQueue中取出消息交给对应的Handler对象 mOwnLooperThreadHandler处理，在mOwnLooperThreadHandler的handleMessage函数中会把 Message对象中what值为三的消息（上面发送的消息）在Log中打印出来，可以通过Logcat工具查看log。 

其他线程发送消息（这里是说使用Runnable作为callback的消息）： 

首先 postRunnable设为true，表示通过Runnable方式进行消息相关的操作。然后启动线程noLooerThread， 然后以主线程的Looper对象为参数建立EventHandler的对象mNoLooperThreadHandler，然后获取一个Message并把一个字符串赋值给它的一个成员obj，然后通过mNoLooperThreadHandler把消息发送到主线程的MessageQueue中。 

主线程处理消息： 

主线程收到上面发送的Message后直接运行上面Runnable对象中的run函数进行相应的操作。run函数通过Log打印一个字符串，可以通过Logcat工具查看 log。 

主线程发送消息： 

这里首先要求线程receiveMessageThread运行（在onCreate函数中完成），并且准备好自己的 Looper和MessageQueue（这个通过ReceiveMessageThread中的run函数中的Looper.prepare()调用完成），然后根据建立的Looper对象初始化Handler对象mOtherThreadHandler。然后在onClick的case 105中由mOtherThreadHandler建立一个消息（消息中有一个字符串对象）并且发送到线程receiveMessageThread中的 MessageQueue中。 

其他线程处理接收的消息： 

线程要接收消息需要在run函数中调用Looper.loop()，然后loop函数会从MessageQueue中取出消息交给对应的Handler对象mOtherThreadHandler处理，在mOtherThreadHandler的handleMessage函数中会把Message对象中的字符串对象在Log中打印出来，可以通过Logcat工具查看log。

 

 

 

摘自：http://www.iteye.com/topic/717220