Android 核心技术

1.service组件后台服务：service一般有activity启动，service具有自己较长的生命周期，当activity结束后，service不会结束，当service自己的生命周期结束时才会结束。

service的两种那个启动方式：startservice，bindservice

service后台服务的用法：

1.都需要在Androidmanifest.xml中声明，格式如下

<service android:enabled=["true" | "false"]
       android:exported=["true" | "false"]
     android:icon="drawable resource"
    android:isolatedProcess=["true" | "false"]
    android:label="string resource"
    android:name="string"
       android:permission="string"
            android:process="string" >
    . . .
</service>

2.需要子类继承service，并需要重写onbind(),oncreate(),onstratcommand(),ondestory()四个方法。

3.在其他activity中启动service后台服务：直接调用startservice(Intent)即可，

停止service服务调用stoopservice(Intent)

如下:

 Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);
24                 startService(serviceIntent);

其中MyService就是继承了service的子类。

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自定义service服务调用代码：

activity调用：

button0.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);
        intent.putExtra("msg","启动service成功");
        intent.setAction("MyService");
        startService(intent);
    }
});

androidifest.xml注册：

<service android:name="com.android.zhujian.MyService">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.android.zhujian"></action>
    </intent-filter>
</service>

布局：

<Button android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/btn0"
        android:text="自定义启动service"
        android:layout_height="50dp" tools:ignore="HardcodedText"/>

继承service：

package com.android.zhujian;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26.
 */
public class MyService extends Service {
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"onBind",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),intent.getStringExtra("msg"),Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"oncreate",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"ondestory",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
}
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2.BroadcastReceiver组件广播发送与接收实现：

第一步：需要new一个BroadcastReceiver并重写onreceive方法

第二步：需要在其他activity中注册广播：直接调用registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver,IntentFilter)

其中的braodcasrreceiver中的onreceive()就是接收广播

第三步：发送广播：直接调用sendBroadCast(Intent)

第四步：在androidifest.xml中注册

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
3.     package="com.byread" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">  
4.     <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">  
5.         <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name">  
6.             <intent-filter>  
7.                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />  
8.                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />  
9.             </intent-filter>  
10.         </activity>  
11.         <!-- 注册自定义静态广播接收器 -->  
12.         <receiver android:name=".StaticReceiver">  
13.             <intent-filter>  
14.                 <action android:name="包名" />  
15.             </intent-filter>  
16.         </receiver>  
17.         <!-- 注册系统静态广播接收器 -->  
18.         <receiver android:name=".SystemReceiver">  
19.             <intent-filter>  
20.                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.BATTERY_LOW" />  
21.             </intent-filter>  
22.         </receiver>  
23.     </application>  
24. </manifest>  

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代码注册：

package com.example.administrator.andriod_four_zujian;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import com.android.zhujian.StaticBroadCast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button button;
    private BroadcastReceiver  broadcastReceiver=new StaticBroadCast();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Log.i("info", "onClick: "+13);
                Intent intent=new Intent();
                intent.setAction("staticBroadCast");
                intent.putExtra("msg","静态广播接收成功");
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("staticBroadCast");
        registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver,intentFilter);
    }
}

package com.android.zhujian;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26.
 */
public class StaticBroadCast extends BroadcastReceiver{
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if(intent.getAction().equals("staticBroadCast")){
           String msg= intent.getStringExtra("msg");
            Toast.makeText(context,msg,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.andriod_four_zujian.MainActivity">

    <Button android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:id="@+id/btn1"
            android:text="自定义静态注册发送广播"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" tools:ignore="HardcodedText"/>
</RelativeLayout>

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