Codeforces 758B-Blown Garland

Blown Garland
time limit per test
1 second
memory limit per test
256 megabytes
input
standard input
output
standard output

Nothing is eternal in the world, Kostya understood it on the 7-th of January when he saw partially dead four-color garland.

Now he has a goal to replace dead light bulbs, however he doesn't know how many light bulbs for each color are required. It is guaranteed that for each of four colors at least one light is working.

It is known that the garland contains light bulbs of four colors: red, blue, yellow and green. The garland is made as follows: if you take any four consecutive light bulbs then there will not be light bulbs with the same color among them. For example, the garland can look like "RYBGRYBGRY", "YBGRYBGRYBG", "BGRYB", but can not look like "BGRYG", "YBGRYBYGR" or "BGYBGY". Letters denote colors: 'R' — red, 'B' — blue, 'Y' — yellow, 'G' — green.

Using the information that for each color at least one light bulb still works count the number of dead light bulbs of each four colors.

Input

The first and the only line contains the string s (4 ≤ |s| ≤ 100), which describes the garland, the i-th symbol of which describes the color of the i-th light bulb in the order from the beginning of garland:

  • 'R' — the light bulb is red,
  • 'B' — the light bulb is blue,
  • 'Y' — the light bulb is yellow,
  • 'G' — the light bulb is green,
  • '!' — the light bulb is dead.

The string s can not contain other symbols except those five which were described.

It is guaranteed that in the given string at least once there is each of four letters 'R', 'B', 'Y' and 'G'.

It is guaranteed that the string s is correct garland with some blown light bulbs, it means that for example the line "GRBY!!!B" can not be in the input data.

Output

In the only line print four integers kr, kb, ky, kg — the number of dead light bulbs of red, blue, yellow and green colors accordingly.

Examples
input
RYBGRYBGR
output
0 0 0 0
input
!RGYB
output
0 1 0 0
input
!!!!YGRB
output
1 1 1 1
input
!GB!RG!Y!
output
2 1 1 0
Note

In the first example there are no dead light bulbs.

In the second example it is obvious that one blue bulb is blown, because it could not be light bulbs of other colors on its place according to the statements.


题意:一共有四种颜色的灯RBYG,现在有!处表示这个位子的灯泡坏掉了,我们现在需要在!处放置四种颜色的灯泡,使得最终的序列,保证每连续的四个灯泡都具有四种不同的颜色。问我们需要添加多少个R,B,Y,G。保证答案唯一。

解题思路:既然保证答案唯一,那么说明每种颜色的灯的相对位置是固定的,找到每种颜色的灯出现了几次,应该出现几次,它们的差就是答案

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <map>

using namespace std;

#define LL long long

int main()
{
    char ch[200];
    int res[4],tot[4],cnt[4];
    while(~scanf("%s",ch))
    {
        int len=strlen(ch);
        memset(tot,0,sizeof tot);
        memset(cnt,0,sizeof cnt);
        for(int i=0; i<len; i++)
        {
            tot[i%4]++;
            if(ch[i]=='R') res[0]=i%4,cnt[0]++;
            if(ch[i]=='B') res[1]=i%4,cnt[1]++;
            if(ch[i]=='Y') res[2]=i%4,cnt[2]++;
            if(ch[i]=='G') res[3]=i%4,cnt[3]++;
        }
        for(int i=0; i<3; i++)
            printf("%d ",tot[res[i]]-cnt[i]);
        printf("%d\n",tot[res[3]]-cnt[3]);
    }
    return 0;
}

CodeForces - 616D是一个关于找到一个序列中最长的第k好子段的起始位置和结束位置的问题。给定一个长度为n的序列和一个整数k,需要找到一个子段,该子段中不超过k个不同的数字。题目要求输出这个序列最长的第k好子段的起始位置和终止位置。 解决这个问题的方法有两种。第一种方法是使用尺取算法,通过维护一个滑动窗口来记录\[l,r\]中不同数的个数。每次如果这个数小于k,就将r向右移动一位;如果已经大于k,则将l向右移动一位,直到个数不大于k。每次更新完r之后,判断r-l+1是否比已有答案更优来更新答案。这种方法的时间复杂度为O(n)。 第二种方法是使用枚举r和双指针的方法。通过维护一个最小的l,满足\[l,r\]最多只有k种数。使用一个map来判断数的种类。遍历序列,如果当前数字在map中不存在,则将种类数sum加一;如果sum大于k,则将l向右移动一位,直到sum不大于k。每次更新完r之后,判断i-l+1是否大于等于y-x+1来更新答案。这种方法的时间复杂度为O(n)。 以上是两种解决CodeForces - 616D问题的方法。具体的代码实现可以参考引用\[1\]和引用\[2\]中的代码。 #### 引用[.reference_title] - *1* [CodeForces 616 D. Longest k-Good Segment(尺取)](https://blog.csdn.net/V5ZSQ/article/details/50750827)[target="_blank" data-report-click={"spm":"1018.2226.3001.9630","extra":{"utm_source":"vip_chatgpt_common_search_pc_result","utm_medium":"distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-cask-2~all~insert_cask~default-1-null.142^v91^koosearch_v1,239^v3^insert_chatgpt"}} ] [.reference_item] - *2* [Codeforces616 D. Longest k-Good Segment(双指针+map)](https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44178736/article/details/114328999)[target="_blank" data-report-click={"spm":"1018.2226.3001.9630","extra":{"utm_source":"vip_chatgpt_common_search_pc_result","utm_medium":"distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-cask-2~all~insert_cask~default-1-null.142^v91^koosearch_v1,239^v3^insert_chatgpt"}} ] [.reference_item] [ .reference_list ]
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