Hibernate4 Session get和load的详细区别:
持久化类代码:
package com.ksjl.eneity;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* 持久化类
*
* @version 1.0 2013-08-27 14:50
* @author 旷世绝伦
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "csdn_student")
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String sex;
@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
Hibernate.cfg.xml:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate2</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">admin</property>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
<property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property>
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
测试类代码:
package com.ksjl.entity;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.ksjl.eneity.Student;
/**
* JUnit测试类
*
* @version 1.0 2013-08-27 14:53
* @author 旷世绝伦
*
* */
public class StudentTest {
private static SessionFactory factory = null;
@BeforeClass
public static void beforeClass() {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
ServiceRegistry sr = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(
cfg.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
factory = cfg.addAnnotatedClass(Student.class).buildSessionFactory(sr);
}
@Test
public void testStudentSave() {
Student s = new Student();
s.setName("Jack");
s.setSex("Man");
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(s);
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
@Test
public void testGet() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.get(Student.class, 1);
System.out.println("testGet: " + s.getName());
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
@Test
public void testLoad() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.load(Student.class, 1);
System.out.println("testLoad: " + s.getName());
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
@AfterClass
public static void afterClass() {
factory.close();
}
}
1.我们先运行一下testStudentSave()方法 向数据库中添加一条记录,以方便我们后面的测试,添加成功后,我们来执行下testGet()和testLoad()方法来具体比较下,看下get和load的区别:
2.执行testGet()方法,控制台输出如下:
15:08:51,585 INFO SchemaUpdate:182 - HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
15:08:51,595 INFO SchemaUpdate:193 - HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
15:08:51,595 INFO SchemaUpdate:205 - HHH000396: Updating schema
15:08:51,626 INFO TableMetadata:65 - HHH000261: Table found: hibernate2.csdn_student
15:08:51,626 INFO TableMetadata:66 - HHH000037: Columns: [id, sex, name]
15:08:51,626 INFO TableMetadata:68 - HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
15:08:51,626 INFO TableMetadata:69 - HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
15:08:51,626 INFO SchemaUpdate:242 - HHH000232: Schema update complete
Hibernate:
select
student0_.id as id1_0_0_,
student0_.name as name2_0_0_,
student0_.sex as sex3_0_0_
from
csdn_student student0_
where
student0_.id=?
testGet: Jack
3:执行testLoad()方法,控制台输出如下:
15:11:22,280 INFO SchemaUpdate:182 - HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
15:11:22,280 INFO SchemaUpdate:193 - HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
15:11:22,280 INFO SchemaUpdate:205 - HHH000396: Updating schema
15:11:22,311 INFO TableMetadata:65 - HHH000261: Table found: hibernate2.csdn_student
15:11:22,311 INFO TableMetadata:66 - HHH000037: Columns: [id, sex, name]
15:11:22,311 INFO TableMetadata:68 - HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
15:11:22,311 INFO TableMetadata:69 - HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
15:11:22,311 INFO SchemaUpdate:242 - HHH000232: Schema update complete
Hibernate:
select
student0_.id as id1_0_0_,
student0_.name as name2_0_0_,
student0_.sex as sex3_0_0_
from
csdn_student student0_
where
student0_.id=?
testLoad: Jack
4.乍看之下,我们发现无论是get还是load都能够正常获取到name的值,其实这两者是有很大的区别的,我们修改一下testGet()和testLoad()的代码:
@Test
public void testGet() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.get(Student.class, 1);
session.getTransaction().commit();
System.out.println("testGet: " + s.getName());
}
@Test
public void testLoad() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.load(Student.class, 1);
session.getTransaction().commit();
System.out.println("testLoad: " + s.getName());
}
5.我们把这两句话注释掉来执行,会发现有趣的现象,首先我们执行下testGet()方法,控制台输出如下 :
15:17:03,334 INFO SchemaUpdate:182 - HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
15:17:03,334 INFO SchemaUpdate:193 - HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
15:17:03,344 INFO SchemaUpdate:205 - HHH000396: Updating schema
15:17:03,365 INFO TableMetadata:65 - HHH000261: Table found: hibernate2.csdn_student
15:17:03,365 INFO TableMetadata:66 - HHH000037: Columns: [id, sex, name]
15:17:03,365 INFO TableMetadata:68 - HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
15:17:03,375 INFO TableMetadata:69 - HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
15:17:03,375 INFO SchemaUpdate:242 - HHH000232: Schema update complete
Hibernate:
select
student0_.id as id1_0_0_,
student0_.name as name2_0_0_,
student0_.sex as sex3_0_0_
from
csdn_student student0_
where
student0_.id=?
testGet: Jack
6.我们发现testGet()方法能够正常获取,接着我们来执行下testLoad()方法,输出如下
15:18:23,699 INFO SchemaUpdate:182 - HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
15:18:23,699 INFO SchemaUpdate:193 - HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
15:18:23,709 INFO SchemaUpdate:205 - HHH000396: Updating schema
15:18:23,730 INFO TableMetadata:65 - HHH000261: Table found: hibernate2.csdn_student
15:18:23,730 INFO TableMetadata:66 - HHH000037: Columns: [id, sex, name]
15:18:23,730 INFO TableMetadata:68 - HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
15:18:23,730 INFO TableMetadata:69 - HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
15:18:23,730 INFO SchemaUpdate:242 - HHH000232: Schema update complete
JUnit提示:org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - no Session
at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.initialize(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:164)
at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.getImplementation(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:285)
at org.hibernate.proxy.pojo.javassist.JavassistLazyInitializer.invoke(JavassistLazyInitializer.java:185)
at com.ksjl.eneity.Student_$$_javassist_0.getName(Student_$$_javassist_0.java)
at com.ksjl.entity.StudentTest.testLoad(StudentTest.java:61)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
7:不难看出,load方法并没有执行SQL语句,但是get方法执行了,我们比较一下没有出错的testLoad()和出错的testLoad()方法,我们可以看出:
@Test
public void testLoad() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.load(Student.class, 1);
System.out.println("testLoad: " + s.getName());
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
在commit之前调用了s.getName()方法,load方法也执行了SQL语句,所以我们得出一个结论:
A.get方法直接发送sql语句,从数据库加载,没有延迟.
B.load方法只有真正用到对象的内容时才会发出sql语句.
8.我们继续来修改一下两个test方法的代码:
@Test
public void testGet() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.get(Student.class, 2);//表里只有id为1的记录
System.out.println(s==null);
session.getTransaction().commit();
System.out.println(s.getClass());
}
@Test
public void testLoad() {
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Student s = (Student) session.load(Student.class, 2);
System.out.println(s==null);
session.getTransaction().commit();
System.out.println(s.getClass());
}
9.执行testGet()方法,JUnit输出如下:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.ksjl.entity.StudentTest.testGet(StudentTest.java:52)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
控制台输出如下:
15:37:16,135 INFO SchemaUpdate:182 - HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
15:37:16,135 INFO SchemaUpdate:193 - HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
15:37:16,145 INFO SchemaUpdate:205 - HHH000396: Updating schema
15:37:16,176 INFO TableMetadata:65 - HHH000261: Table found: hibernate2.csdn_student
15:37:16,176 INFO TableMetadata:66 - HHH000037: Columns: [id, sex, name]
15:37:16,176 INFO TableMetadata:68 - HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
15:37:16,176 INFO TableMetadata:69 - HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
15:37:16,176 INFO SchemaUpdate:242 - HHH000232: Schema update complete
Hibernate:
select
student0_.id as id1_0_0_,
student0_.name as name2_0_0_,
student0_.sex as sex3_0_0_
from
csdn_student student0_
where
student0_.id=?
True
10.执行testLoad()方法,控制台输出如下:
15:38:02,514 INFO SchemaUpdate:182 - HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
15:38:02,524 INFO SchemaUpdate:193 - HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
15:38:02,524 INFO SchemaUpdate:205 - HHH000396: Updating schema
15:38:02,555 INFO TableMetadata:65 - HHH000261: Table found: hibernate2.csdn_student
15:38:02,555 INFO TableMetadata:66 - HHH000037: Columns: [id, sex, name]
15:38:02,555 INFO TableMetadata:68 - HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
15:38:02,555 INFO TableMetadata:69 - HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
15:38:02,555 INFO SchemaUpdate:242 - HHH000232: Schema update complete
false
class com.ksjl.eneity.Student_$$_javassist_0
11.比较下get和load get获取不存在的记录会报错,但是load不会.还有个地方大家仔细看:
load方法s.getClass()输出的值:class com.ksjl.eneity.Student_$$_javassist_0
get方法(把2改为1 ,这里我就不贴代码了):s.getClass()输出的值:class com.ksjl.eneity.Student
为什么load方法输出的不是class com.ksjl.eneity.Student 的呢?因为load方法返回的是代理对象 父类是Student,代理这里就不详细介绍了.
12.总结Session get和load的区别:
get:直接发送sql语句,从数据库加载,没有延迟,不存在对应记录会报错,返回具体对象
load:只有真正用到 对象的内容时才会发出sql语句,不存在对应记录不会报错,返回代理对象!
2013-8-27-15:44 旷世绝伦