python 安装 geopandas及报错解决办法以及示例

一、相应包下载安装

• 本人根据python版本、系统版本，多次尝试不同版本GDAL 、Fiona 安装
  

  pip install GDAL-3.1.4-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl
  pip install fiona-1.8.18-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl
  

  pip install geopandas
  

  感谢主终于成功啦

二、常见错误

• error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with “Microsoft C++ Build Tools“
  VisualCppBuildTools下载、解压、安装
  Visual Studio 2015 用方式安装则报错
  

• A GDAL API version must be specified. Provide a path to gdal-config using a GDAL_CONFIG environment variable or use a GDAL_VERSION environment variable.
  解决

  set GDAL_DATA=%GDAL_DATA%;C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\src\Lib\site-packages\osgeo\include\gdal
  

• fiona/_transform.cpp(606): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'cpl_conv.h': No such file or directory error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\BIN\\cl.exe' failed with exit status 2
  解决 根据python版本与系统多次尝试不同版本fiona安装

• UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'use_2to3_fixers' UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'use_2to3_exclude_fixers' warnings.warn(msg)
  解决 下载的whl版本错误

三、心酸历程

• ①首先pip install geopandas 果断报错error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with “Microsoft C++ Build Tools

• ②安装VisualCppBuildTools 15版本，pip install gdal安装后仍报错，后查资料仅.whl 格式安装

• ③ 于是下载gdal.whl 格式，根据系统与python 版本出现平台不支持格式。

• ④ 每个版本都测试一下，终于安装gdal成功(你以为成功啦，高兴太早啦)

• ⑤ fiona进行 pip install fiona 然后各种报错。又进行 fiona.whl 支持各版本重试又是各种报错设置 set GDAL_DATA、cpl_conv.h 又是两个错误。

• pip install fiona***.whl 报错，试了各版本终于成功。

• 中间省略10个坑

  error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with “Microsoft C++ Build Tools“:

四、简单示例

url = 'https://native-land.ca/wp-content/themes/NLD-2021/files/indigenousTerritories.json'


geopandas 数据读取
    gdf = gpd.read_file(r'gis/sz.json')
    
import geopandas as gpd

# geopandas 数据读取
gdf = gpd.read_file(r'gis/sz.json')

# 存储文件
shp = gdf.to_file(r'gis/sz.shp')
dic = gdf.to_dict(r'gis/sz.dict')
cv = gdf.to_csv(r'gis/sz.dict')
sql = gdf.to_sql(r'gis/sz.dict')
js = gdf.to_json(r'gis/sz.dict')
ge = gdf._to_geo(r'gis/sz.dict')

geojson = gdf.to_file(r'gis/sz.json', driver='GeoJSON')

gdf.to_file('dataframe.geojson', driver='GeoJSON')

import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
from geojson import Feature, Point, FeatureCollection, Polygon, dump


# geopandas 数据读取
gdf = gpd.read_file(r'河北省.json')
print(gdf)
plt = gdf.plot()
print(plt)
# gdf.to_file(r'gis/szl1', encoding='utf-8')
# gdf.to_file(r'gis/szl3.json', driver='GeoJSON')

import geopandas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
gdf = geopandas.GeoDataFrame
census = gdf.from_file("GIS_CensusTract_poly.shp")
census.plot()
plt.show()