Spring Boot快速入门 -＞ Spring Boot 自动配置原理分析（三）

前言：不忘初心，寻找最初的编程快感！

时序图

分析

1. @SpringBootApplication注册程序入口，是@SpringBootConfiguration丶@EnableAutoConfiguration
   和@ComponentScan的并集

@SpringBootApplication
public class MySpringBootApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(MySpringBootApplication.class);

        application.run();
    }
}
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {}

2. @SpringBootConfiguration继承至@Configuration，二者差不多功能一致，标注当前类是配置类，
   并会将当前类内声明的一个或多个以@Bean注解标记的方法的实例纳入到spring容器中，并且实例名就是方法名。

@SpringBootConfiguration
public class SpringBootConfigurationTestConfig {
    @Bean
    public String testConfig(){
        return "testConfig......";
    }
}
@SpringBootApplication
public class MySpringBootApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(MySpringBootApplication.class);

        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = application.run();

        System.out.println(context.getBeanFactory().getBean("testConfig"));
    }
}

3. 最主要的还是@EnableAutoConfiguration，打开自动配置，可以通过设置注解的excludeName属性或者通过spring.autoconfigure.exclude配置项来指定不需要自动配置的项目。

@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
	String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";

    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

4. AutoConfigurationImportSelector实现了selectImports() 方法，用来筛选被@Import的Configuration类（减去exclude等）

• org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector类图：
  
• Spring boot发现注解中存在@Import(ImportSelector)的情况，就会创建一个相应的ImportSelector对象， 并调用其方法 public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata)，如下是相关源码解析：

protected boolean isEnabled(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
        return this.getClass() == AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class ? (Boolean)this.getEnvironment().getProperty("spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration", Boolean.class, true) : true;
    }
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
   if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return NO_IMPORTS;
    } else {
    	//根据spring-boot-autoconfigure包下的spring-autoconfigure-metadate.properties中的配置加载配置元数据
    	//loadMetadata(classLoader, "META-INF/spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties");
        AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
        //
        AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata);
        return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
    }
}
protected AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata, AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
    if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return EMPTY_ENTRY;
    } else {
    	//获取@EnableAutoConfiguration配置类名称及exclude属性
        AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
        //从spring-boot-autoconfigure包里面META-INF/spring.factories加载配置类的名称
        List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
        //去重处理，LinkedHashSet去重
        configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
        //获取自动配置排除类
        Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
        //检查排除类是否是auto-configuration classes
        this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
        //去除自动配置排除类
        configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
        //过滤掉配置未配置@OnClassCondition的自动配置类，当检测存在输入的类时候，该配置类生效，否则将不被实例化;
        //AutoConfigurationImportFilter -> FilteringSpringBootCondition.match -> OnClassCondition.getMatchOutcome
        configurations = this.filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
        //激活配置ConditionEvaluationReportAutoConfigurationImportListener.onAutoConfigurationImportEvent
        this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
        //返回AutoConfigurationEntry配置信息
        return new AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
    }
}

小结

Spring Boot的自动化配置提供了十分方便的开发方式，但任何东西都可能有其两面性的存在，“欲思其利,必虑其害,欲思其成,必虑其败”，实际使用中还得多注意细枝末节，要做到更灵活丶更高效地使用手中的利剑；