linux ls 命令 （查看文件列表命令）

ls 主要用于查看文件及文件夹列表

语法

ls [参数] [文件目录]

常用参数

-a 文件下所有文件 包括.  .. 
-A 目录下的所有文件及文件夹
-l 所有文件文件夹的详情及权限
-R 列出当前目录及所有子目录下的文件
--help ls 所有参数大全

不常用参数

根据 ls --help 获得 

-a, --all                  do not ignore entries starting with .

-A, –almost-all do not list implied . and ..
–author with -l, print the author of each file
-b, –escape print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
–block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks. See SIZE format below
-B, –ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last
modification of file status information)
with -l: show ctime and sort by name
otherwise: sort by ctime
-C list entries by columns
–color[=WHEN] colorize the output. WHEN defaults to always'
or can benever’ or auto'. More info below
-d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents,
and do not dereference symbolic links
-D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
-f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color
-F, --classify append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
--file-type likewise, except do not append*’
–format=WORD across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,
single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
–full-time like -l –time-style=full-iso
-g like -l, but do not list owner
–group-directories-first
group directories before files.
augment with a –sort option, but any
use of –sort=none (-U) disables grouping
-G, –no-group in a long listing, don’t print group names
-h, –human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format
(e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
–si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-H, –dereference-command-line
follow symbolic links listed on the command line
–dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
follow each command line symbolic link
that points to a directory
–hide=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
(overridden by -a or -A)
–indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
none (default), slash (-p),
file-type (–file-type), classify (-F)
-i, –inode print the index number of each file
-I, –ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-k like –block-size=1K
-l use a long listing format
-L, –dereference when showing file information for a symbolic
link, show information for the file the link
references rather than for the link itself
-m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-n, –numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
-N, –literal print raw entry names (don’t treat e.g. control
characters specially)
-o like -l, but do not list group information
-p, –indicator-style=slash
append / indicator to directories
-q, –hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters
–show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default
unless program is ls' and output is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names:
literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
-r, --reverse reverse order while sorting
-R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively
-s, --size print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
-S sort by file size
--sort=WORD sort by WORD instead of name: none -U,
extension -X, size -S, time -t, version -v
--time=WORD with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification
time: atime -u, access -u, use -u, ctime -c,
or status -c; use specified time as sort key
if --sort=time
--time-style=STYLE with -l, show times using style STYLE:
full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT.
FORMAT is interpreted likedate’; if FORMAT is
FORMAT1FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to
non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;
if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-‘, STYLE
takes effect only outside the POSIX locale
-t sort by modification time
-T, –tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time
with -l: show access time and sort by name
otherwise: sort by access time
-U do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v natural sort of (version) numbers within text
-w, –width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value
-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1 list one file per line

SELinux options:

–lcontext Display security context. Enable -l. Lines
will probably be too wide for most displays.
-Z, –context Display security context so it fits on most
displays. Displays only mode, user, group,
security context and file name.
–scontext Display only security context and file name.
–help display this help and exit