一般数学计算中，颜色取值是：
R
,
G
,
B
∈
[
0
,
255
]
,
A
∈
[
0
,
1
]
R,G,B \in \left [ 0, 255 \right ], A\in \left [ 0, 1 \right ]
R,G,B∈[0,255],A∈[0,1]
所以对于一般的颜色混合有：
C
o
l
o
r
(
R
G
B
A
)
=
C
o
l
o
r
(
R
1
G
1
B
1
A
1
)
+
C
o
l
o
r
(
R
2
G
2
B
2
A
2
)
Color(RGBA) = Color(R_{1}G_{1}B_{1}A_{1}) + Color(R_{2}G_{2}B_{2}A_{2})
Color(RGBA)=Color(R1G1B1A1)+Color(R2G2B2A2)
标准的颜色混合算法如下：
A
=
1
−
(
1
−
α
1
)
∗
(
1
−
α
2
)
A = 1 - \left ( 1-\alpha _{1} \right )*\left ( 1-\alpha _{2} \right)
A=1−(1−α1)∗(1−α2)
R
=
1
A
(
α
1
R
1
+
(
1
−
α
1
)
α
2
R
2
)
R = \frac{1}{A}(\alpha _{1}R_{1}+ (1 - \alpha _{1})\alpha _{2}R_{2})
R=A1(α1R1+(1−α1)α2R2)
G
=
1
A
(
α
1
G
1
+
(
1
−
α
1
)
α
2
G
2
)
G = \frac{1}{A}(\alpha _{1}G_{1}+ (1 - \alpha _{1})\alpha _{2}G_{2})
G=A1(α1G1+(1−α1)α2G2)
B
=
1
A
(
α
1
B
1
+
(
1
−
α
1
)
α
2
B
2
)
B = \frac{1}{A}(\alpha _{1}B_{1}+ (1 - \alpha _{1})\alpha _{2}B_{2})
B=A1(α1B1+(1−α1)α2B2)
但是在计算机图像中，透明度alpha通常也是
A
∈
[
0
,
255
]
A \in \left [ 0, 255 \right ]
A∈[0,255]
所以，根据变化得到的代码是：
//浮点数版
float a1 = A1 / 256.0;
float a2 = A2 / 256.0;
float a = 1 - (1 - a1)*(1 - a2);
R = (a1*R1 + (1 - a1)*a2*R2) / a;
G = (a1*G1 + (1 - a1)*a2*G2) / a;
B = (a1*B1 + (1 - a1)*a2*B2) / a;
A = a * 256;
化简后：
float a1 = A1;
float a2 = A2 - (a1 * A2)/256;
float a = a1 + a2;
R = (a1*R1 + a2*R2)/a;
G = (a1*G1 + a2*G2)/a;
B = (a1*B1 + a2*B2)/a;
A = a;
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