二、mmap父子进程间通信

1.父进程与子进程

1.1 父进程与子进程用文件映射的方式来通信

#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
    printf("read process");
    int fd = open("mmap.txt", O_RDONLY|O_CREAT|O_RDWR, 0644);
    if (fd == -1) {
        printf("open mmap.txt filed");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("open mmap.txt success\n");
    //扩充文件大小,否则mmap读时会发生总线错误
    ftruncate(fd, sizeof(int));
    int *addr = (int *)(mmap(NULL, sizeof(int), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0));
    if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
        printf("mmap open failed\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    close(fd);
    //fork一个子进程，PID = 0
    int pid = fork();
    printf("pid = %d\n", pid);
    if (pid == 0) {
        //此时子进程获得了一个指针拷贝addr,但是指向的同一片内存
        *addr = 11;
        printf("child = %d\n", *addr);
    } else {
        //等子进程执行完
        sleep(2);
        printf("parent = %d \n", *addr);
        //回收子进程
        wait(NULL);
        int errorNo = munmap(addr, sizeof(int));
        if (errorNo == -1) {
            printf("munmap failed");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

打印结果:

read processopen mmap.txt success
pid = 22952
pid = 0
child = 11
parent = 11 

除了用文件的方式之外，mmap还提供了匿名映射的方式来通信:

#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
    //匿名映射
    int *addr = (int *)(mmap(NULL, sizeof(int), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANON, -1, 0));
    if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
        printf("mmap open failed\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    //fork一个子进程，PID = 0
    int pid = fork();
    printf("pid = %d\n", pid);
    if (pid == 0) {
        //此时子进程获得了一个指针拷贝addr,但是指向的同一片内存
        *addr = 11;
        printf("child = %d\n", *addr);
    } else {
        //等子进程执行完
        sleep(2);
        printf("parent = %d \n", *addr);
        //回收子进程
        wait(NULL);
        int errorNo = munmap(addr, sizeof(int));
        if (errorNo == -1) {
            printf("munmap failed");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}