1.父进程与子进程
1.1 父进程与子进程用文件映射的方式来通信
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
printf("read process");
int fd = open("mmap.txt", O_RDONLY|O_CREAT|O_RDWR, 0644);
if (fd == -1) {
printf("open mmap.txt filed");
exit(1);
}
printf("open mmap.txt success\n");
//扩充文件大小,否则mmap读时会发生总线错误
ftruncate(fd, sizeof(int));
int *addr = (int *)(mmap(NULL, sizeof(int), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0));
if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
printf("mmap open failed\n");
exit(1);
}
close(fd);
//fork一个子进程,PID = 0
int pid = fork();
printf("pid = %d\n", pid);
if (pid == 0) {
//此时子进程获得了一个指针拷贝addr,但是指向的同一片内存
*addr = 11;
printf("child = %d\n", *addr);
} else {
//等子进程执行完
sleep(2);
printf("parent = %d \n", *addr);
//回收子进程
wait(NULL);
int errorNo = munmap(addr, sizeof(int));
if (errorNo == -1) {
printf("munmap failed");
exit(1);
}
}
return 0;
}
打印结果:
read processopen mmap.txt success
pid = 22952
pid = 0
child = 11
parent = 11
除了用文件的方式之外,mmap还提供了匿名映射的方式来通信:
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
//匿名映射
int *addr = (int *)(mmap(NULL, sizeof(int), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANON, -1, 0));
if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
printf("mmap open failed\n");
exit(1);
}
//fork一个子进程,PID = 0
int pid = fork();
printf("pid = %d\n", pid);
if (pid == 0) {
//此时子进程获得了一个指针拷贝addr,但是指向的同一片内存
*addr = 11;
printf("child = %d\n", *addr);
} else {
//等子进程执行完
sleep(2);
printf("parent = %d \n", *addr);
//回收子进程
wait(NULL);
int errorNo = munmap(addr, sizeof(int));
if (errorNo == -1) {
printf("munmap failed");
exit(1);
}
}
return 0;
}